Biocompatible heterogeneous bone incorporated with polymeric biocomposites for human bone repair by 3D printing technology

Abstract

Polylactic acid (PLA) has become a popular polymer material due to its superior biocompatibility. At present, there are a few relevant research on heterogeneous bone powder. Besides, the poor dispersibility and adhesivity of inorganic particles in the organic phase remains a problem. In this study, the pork bone powders were modified with N-butanol to improve its dispersibility and compatibility in the PLA matrix. In addition, polybutylene succinate-coterephthalates (PBSA) was applied as a flexibilizer to further reinforce the mechanical properties of materials. The composite filaments with a diameter of 1.75 ± 0.05 mm containing 10 wt% of modified bone powder, 10 wt% PBSA and 80 wt% PLA were prepared by a melt blending method. The obtained results showed that modified particles were uniformly dispersed within the PLA matrix and improved the mechanical properties of the composite filaments with a tensile strength of 48.5 ± 0.2 MPa and a bending strength of 79.1 ± 0.1 MPa and a notch impact strength of 15.8 ± 0.3 kJ/m 2. And the prepared composite materials contained low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility and printability, which verified the feasibility of it in 3D printing personalized bone repair applications. This provides a theoretical basis for further research on the effect of bone repair in vivo. Therefore, the composite material will have potential applications such as making customized bones and bone scaffolds by three dimensional printing technology.

Binary Green Blends of Poly(lactic acid) with Poly(butylene adipate-co-butylene terephthalate) and Poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) and Their Nanocomposites

“…A PLA/PBSA composite filament made of 80 wt% of PLA, 10 wt% of PBSA and 10 wt% of modified bone powder was found to have low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility and printability, making it feasible for 3D printing personalized bone repair applications. Such material has potential to develop customized bones and bone scaffolds by 3D printing [ 188 ].…”

Investigation of the Shape-Memory Properties of 3D Printed PLA Structures with Different Infills

“…Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) belongs to the most often used polymers in 3D printing by the FDM technology. Its biocompatibility enables using it for 3D printed external medical aids [ 2 ], in tissue engineering or bone repair [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Diverse conductive and other nanofillers can be introduced into PLA filaments, such as graphene, carbon black or carbon nanotubes, to increase their mechanical and/or conductive properties or to produce 3D printed sensors [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

“…Especially for single objects, preparing a mold for vacuum casting or similar techniques would be much too time and cost consuming [ 1 ]. This is one of the reasons why, e.g., biotechnological or biomedical solutions for single patients can often be 3D printed [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Additionally, 3D printing offers the possibility of designing patient-specific tissues with a sufficiently high printing resolution [ 5 , 6 ].…”