Bioconjugate recognition molecules to quantum dots as tumor probes

Abstract

Transferrin and mouse anti-human CD71 monoclonal antibody were respectively conjugated covalently to the core/shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydrocylsulfo-succinimide (Sulfo-NHS). The conjugation worked well and the bioactivities of these macromolecules still remained, which was verified by column filtration, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, and circular dichroism spectrometry. Thus, these two kinds of quantum dot conjugates were used to recognize the tumor cells involved. In case of pseudo positivity, FITC-labeling secondary antibody IgG was used, and the results showed that as-prepared fluorescent quantum dot bioprobes were highly specific to tumor cells.

Dual-color immunofluorescent labeling with quantum dots of the diabetes-associated proteins aldose reductase and Toll-like receptor 4 in the kidneys of diabetic rats

“…39 Our study shows that the probe QDs linked to primary Ab (AR/TLR4 Ab) can image the expression of AR and TLR4 clearly and accurately. The approach of QD conjugated with Ab is various and complex 40,41 and there are various ways of identifying the conjugates, including mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, and so on. 42 In this study, we set up QD-primary Ab probes with simple steps, omitting ultrafiltration and purification.…”

Quantum Dots Conjugated with Transferrin for Brain Tumor Cell Imaging

“…QDs655 conjugated with transferrin (QDs655-Tf) was synthesized according to previous reports [15,18]. A total of 10 µL of QDs655 (8 µM), 10 µL of EDC PBS solution (1 mg/mL) and 10 µL of Sulfo-NHS PBS solution (0.02 mg/mL) were mixed for 15 minutes.…”

“…We previously addressed the in vivo imaging of transplanted Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) labeled with QDs modified by octa-arginine (R8) or cationic liposomes, Lipofectamine®, and succeeded in observing the behavior and quantifying the rate of accumulation of transplanted cells in major organs [11][12][13]. On the other hand, highly selective labeling using QDs of cancer cells with high-grade a malignancy and metastatic nature is expected to enable clinicians to detect cancer cells at early stages and increase the rate of successful surgery [14][15][16][17][18]. Malignant brain cancers derived from the cerebral parenchyma are difficult to remove completely due to the impossibility of eliminating the entire cancerous area, therefore, malignant brain cancers exhibit recurrence at local sites confined to the immediate vicinity of the area of operation, and the five-year survival rate is very low [19,20].…”

“…The Tf Receptor (TfR) is known to be overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells, whereas the expression in normal tissue cells is extremally low [1,3,15,17,18]. The identification and diagnosis of tumors can thus be achieved using targeted Tf.…”

The use of fluorescent dyes and probes in surgical oncology

“…62 Ballou et al conjugated several antibodies to cyanines in teratocarcinoma and melanoma mice. 61 A more recent article from Liu et al 63 reports conjugation of transferrin and a mouse anti-human CD74 monoclonal antibody to QDs. These constructs were highly specific to tumor cells in vitro.…”