Biodegradable Composite Nanofiber Containing Fish-Scale Extracts

Abstract

A biodegradable composite nanofiber containing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) or modified PHA (MPHA) and treated fish-scale powder (TFSP) was prepared and characterized. The powder (20–80 nm) was prepared by grinding after treating FSP with water, acid, and heat (450 °C) to yield the TFSP. Composite nanofibers (100–500 nm long) of TFSP/PHA and TFSP/MPHA were fabricated by electrospinning using a biaxial feed method. The TFSP, which had a high hydroxyapatite content, was suitable as a filler for composites. The Ca/P ratio of the TFSP was similar to that of the human bone. Particle size analysis and analysis of scanning electron microscopy images indicated that, compared with the PHA/TFSP composite, the MPHA/TFSP nanofibers were more uniform and bonded more strongly in the matrix. The tensile strength at failure of the MPHA/TFSP specimens was enhanced and increased with increasing TFSP content. The elongation at failure was lower and decreased with increasing TFSP concentration. The water contact angle decreased with increasing TFSP content in PHA/TFSP and MPHA/TFSP nanofiber membranes. The TFSP enhanced the hydrophilic effect of the PHA/TFSP and MPHA/TFSP nanofiber membranes and provided a more suitable environment for cell growth. This composite nanofiber has potential in many biomedical applications.

Expanding Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Applications: A Review on Modifications and Effects

“…Wu et al [ 275 ] reported a biodegradable composite nanofiber consisting of PHA or modified PHA (MPHA) and treated fish scale powder (TFSP). Using grinding, the powder was prepared after the treatment of FSP with water, acid and heat (450 °C) to produce TFSP.…”

“…The water contact angle reduced with increasing TFSP content in MPHA/TFSP and PHA/TFSP nanofiber membranes. The study reported that TFSP improved the hydrophilic effect of the PHA/TFSP and MPHA/TFSP nanofiber membranes providing a more suitable environment for cell growth [ 275 ].…”

“… ( a ) The preparation process for the electrospinning modified PHA (MPHA) solution in addition to the treated fish scale powder (TFSP) and ( b ) The fabrication of electrospun MPHA/TFSP nanofiber. Reprinted with permission from American Chemical Society, 2021 [ 275 ]. …”

Heat-regulating polylactic acid/silica aerogel composite fabric: Preparation and characterization

“…The SA particle size distribution was determined using a particle size instrument [32]. The SA samples were dispersed in water under ultrasonic agitation for 30 min.…”

Fish-scale waste to portable bioactive discs: a sustainable platform for sensitive and reliable blood group analysis

“…Collectively, the peaks indicated the presence of protein, implying that all the bio-discs were coated with a similar material. 55 Fig. 5 illustrates the blood grouping assay for various blood groups performed on bio-discs in active comparison to that on a glass slide or a conventional gold standard test-tube method (Fig.…”