Biodegradable medicated chewing gum: A modernized system for delivering bioactive compounds

Thivya, Perumal; Durgadevi, Manoharan; Sinija, V. R.

doi:10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100054

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The chewing process is considered to have a positive effect on oral healthcare through facilitating the removal of sugars and bacterial fermentation end products, increasing the buffering action of saliva, enhancing the degree of remineralization of teeth, etc. [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Compression Force on Mechanical, Textural, Release and Chewing Perception Properties of Compressible Medicated Chewing Gums

et al. 2021

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Medicated chewing gums (MCGs) represent a beneficial platform for realizing drugs intended for dental prophylaxis and treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of compression force on the mechanical, textural, release, and chewing perception characteristics of compressible MCGs with the combination of lysozyme hydrochloride (LH) and ascorbic acid (AsA). Four batches of MCGs were obtained on a laboratory single-punch tablet machine applying different forces, i.e., 5, 7, 10, and 15 kN, and evaluated by their geometrical parameters, mechanical resistance, surface and internal structure characteristics, texture profile, release behavior, and perception attributes during mastication. It was found that increasing compression force slightly affected resistance to crushing and friability of MCGs, but resulted in surface smoothing and formation of a thicker layer with highly compacted particle arrangement. According to the texture analysis, increasing compression force led to harder and more adhesive gums, indicating possible difficulties in chewing and, therefore, impairment of their consumer properties. Lower compression forces were also found to be preferable in terms of better drug release from the obtained chewing gums. The volunteers’ assessment showed that an increase of compression force led to significantly raising the initial hardness and crumbliness as well as to decreasing the rate of the integral gum mass formation during mastication, which may negatively affect perceptive sensations when using MCGs. Based on the results obtained, the optimal compressing force was selected to be 7 kN, which allows obtaining MCGs with good organoleptic, mechanical, textural, and release properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Compression Force on Mechanical, Textural, Release and Chewing Perception Properties of Compressible Medicated Chewing Gums

et al. 2021

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“…On the other hand, modern chewing gums are frequently made from synthetic resins, as opposed to the natural latex basis used by Thomas Adams, who obtained the first patent for a chewing machine to produce chicle kneaded and smoothness. In 1991, the European Communities Commission allowed the word “chewing gum” as a medicinal dosage form in guidelines [ 11 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chewing Gums as a Drug Delivery Approach for Oral Health

Banakar

Moayedi

Shamsoddin³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Dentistry

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Background. Drug delivery approaches with the shortest therapeutic period and the lowest side effects have always been considered a sublime target in the medical sciences. Among many delivery methods, chewing gum could be perceived as a promising drug carrier that can carry several types of drugs for oral health. These drug carriers could represent optimal therapeutic time and lower side effects due to their sustained release capability and lower required thresholds for the drug compared with other delivery approaches. The convenient use in the oral cavity’s local environment and the ability to locally carry multiple drugs are considered the main advantages of this delivery approach. Aim. This review aimed to explore chewing gum as a promising drug carrier that can carry several types of drugs for oral health. Materials and Methods. Articles were searched for on PubMed, ISI, SCOPUS, Google Patents, the Royal Society of Chemistry website, and electronic databases using MESH terms and the following keywords: (“Gum” OR “Chewing gum”) and (“Drug delivery OR Drug delivery systems”) in the English language. No time limit was applied, and all documents as of August 30th, 2020 were retrieved. Results. Gum-drug interactions, mechanisms of release, and formulations of the drugs might all play a role in this versatile delivery method. Accordingly, chewing gum-based carriers may be presented as a plausible candidate for drug delivery in oral diseases. Conclusion. Gum-driven drugs could be introduced as promising candidates for treating oral diseases due to their ability to deliver the proper local dosages of active ingredients, short contact time, biocompatibility, and biodegradable chemical structures.

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“…Each year, high costs are incurred to remove the gum base wastes (Roy, 2021). Although chewing gum residues are considered hazardous environmental pollutants, environmentally friendly or biodegradable gums are free of plastic and healthier for the earth and humans (Thivya et al, 2021).…”

Section: Biodegradable Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chewing gum is an elastic, flexible, and expandable mass with a flexible structure that, based on the final product, contains gum base, sweeteners such as sugar, glucose syrup, or polyols as major ingredients, and various minor ingredients such as emulsifiers and flavorings. Structurally, chewing gum consists of two phases: the discontinuous or initial phase which is the gum base of the chewing gum, the water‐insoluble, tasteless, inert, non‐nutritive phase, which is the blend of elastomers, natural or synthetic resins, fats, waxes, emulsifiers, fillers, and antioxidants, and the continuous phases of water‐soluble sugars or sugar alcohols (Thivya et al, 2021). The proportions of insoluble phase to soluble phases have a massive effect on the flavor diffusion properties and generally, these phases are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, respectively (Nciri et al, 2021; Potineni & Peterson, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…or initial phase which is the gum base of the chewing gum, the waterinsoluble, tasteless, inert, non-nutritive phase, which is the blend of elastomers, natural or synthetic resins, fats, waxes, emulsifiers, fillers, and antioxidants, and the continuous phases of water-soluble sugars or sugar alcohols (Thivya et al, 2021). The proportions of insoluble phase to soluble phases have a massive effect on the flavor diffusion properties and generally, these phases are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, respectively (Nciri et al, 2021;Potineni & Peterson, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Chewing gum base: A comprehensive review of composition, production, and assessment methods: Advances and approaches in biodegradability

kaveh¹,

Yeganehzad²,

Ashkezary

et al. 2023

Journal of Texture Studies

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The gum base mass is a colloidal system and the main component of chewing gum; which is an inert, non‐nutritious, indigestible, and insoluble part of chewing gum, therefore this substance does not dissolve in the mouth when chewed. The gum base plays the most crucial role in determining the mechanical properties, flexibility, and overall quality of chewing gum. Moreover, it acts as a delivery system to transport sweeteners, flavorings, and other ingredients in chewing gum. Despite the massive market for chewing gum and the provision of a list of the main ingredients in gum base by the Code of Federal Regulations and some international organizations, there is a lack of information about chewing gum base and its compositions in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present an overview of the characteristics, ingredients and applications, production process, assessment, and modification methods of the gum base along with the advances and approaches in biodegradability. Biodegradability concerns play a promoting role in the research and development of chewing gum and its applications in the food industry, medical and dental sectors. Reviewing previous studies can surely help for faster development of this path.

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Biodegradable medicated chewing gum: A modernized system for delivering bioactive compounds

Cited by 18 publications

References 79 publications

Impact of Compression Force on Mechanical, Textural, Release and Chewing Perception Properties of Compressible Medicated Chewing Gums

Impact of Compression Force on Mechanical, Textural, Release and Chewing Perception Properties of Compressible Medicated Chewing Gums

Chewing Gums as a Drug Delivery Approach for Oral Health

Chewing gum base: A comprehensive review of composition, production, and assessment methods: Advances and approaches in biodegradability

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