BIODEGRADATION OF BASIC FUCHSIN AND METHYL RED BY THE BLUE GREEN ALGAE Hydrocoleum oligotrichum AND Oscillatoria limnetica

Abstract

In this work biodegradation of basic fuchsin and methyl red by the blue green algae Hydrocoleum oligotrichum and Oscillatoria limnetica was investigated. The degradation of basic fuschin after 7 days by H. oligotrichum and O. limnetica was 92.44% and 90.23%, respectively. On the other hand, the degradation of methyl red by H. oligotrichum and O. limnetica after 7 days was 53.23% and 50.18%, respectively. The degradation of these dyes by algae seems to be related to the molecular structures of the compound and physiological metabolism of algae. Infra red (IR) spectra represented a new peak at 3200 cm-1 and a reduction in the azo band at 1570-1630 cm-1. Visible spectroscopy and Thin layer chromatography (TLC) confirmed that color removal was due to degradation of the dye. The original dyes and the degraded dye products were evaluated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectra (MS) before and after treatment by algae to examine the ability of the algae to degrade dyes.

Cyanobacteria as a Valuable Natural Resource for Improved Agriculture, Environment, and Plant Protection

“…Cyanobacterial biodegradation happens extracellularly, intracellularly, or both, where the primary degradation arises extracellularly (Ventura et al 2017 ). The amount of removal and biodegradation of pollutants are influenced by their concentration, cyanobacterial biomass, species, growth phase, and environmental conditions (Abou-El-Souod and El-Sheekh, 2016 ).…”

Phycoremediation of Synthetic Dyes Laden Textile Wastewater and Recovery of Bio-Based Pigments from Residual Biomass: An Approach towards Sustainable Wastewater Management

“…Some of them include Chlorella vulgaris, capable of degrading Congo Red dye [34], Phormidium autumnale, capable of complete degradation of indigo, red dye [100], Oscillatoria sp. effective against acid black 1 dye and basic fuchsin dye [95,101].…”

A Review of Microalgae- and Cyanobacteria-Based Biodegradation of Organic Pollutants

“…Chemical and electrochemical methods, such as adsorption and ultrafiltration, cannot remove organic dyes from water because they are not readily decomposable. Therefore, organic dyes are a major pollutant in water [ 13 , 14 ]. These pollutants also hurt aquatic photosynthesis, which is the basis of the food chain [ 15 ].…”

“…Due to its high polyunsaturated-fatty-acid content, algal biomass was previously reported to be used for several purposes, such as biodiesel, biogas, and bioethanol [ 40 ]. The rate of removal and biodegradation of pollutants depends on their concentration, molecular weight, algal biomass, species, metabolic activity of algae, growth phase, and environmental conditions [ 14 ]. Numerous algae of various classes thrive and grow best in contaminated environments, including Euglena viridis (Euglenophyta), Nitzschia palea (Bacillariophyta), Oscillatoria limosa , O. tenuis , O. princeps , and Phormidium uncinatum (Cyanophyta) [ 41 ].…”

“…Hydrocoleum oligotrichum , Oscillatoria oligotrichum , O. limnetica , and Spirulina spp. have been associated with the biodegradation of basic fuchsin, with rates varying according to the dye concentration and algal species [ 14 ]. Phormidium animale was found to be an efficient and safe but expensive method for degrading Remazol Black B (RBB) dye from wastewater [ 128 ].…”