Biodegradation of polyester polyurethane by the marine fungus Cladosporium halotolerans 6UPA1

Screening Enzymatic Degradation of Polyester Polyurethane with Fluorescent Single-walled Carbon Nanotube and Polymer Nanoparticle Conjugates

“…The extinction spectra of the chitosan@SWCNT, Impranil, and Impranil-chitosan@SWCNT sensors are shown in Figure S22. We chose 600 nm as the target wavelength for turbidity measurement because a linear dependence between [Impranil] and the turbidity has been found (Figure S23) and has been applied in several turbidity assays for quantitively measuring the degradation of Impranil. ,,, The time-dependent turbidity and fluorescence change of the Impranil-chitosan@SWCNT sensor after adding different potential Impranil-degrading enzymes are shown in Figure a. When Lipase AO was added to the cuvette, a gradual brightening in fluorescence was observed, which is similar to that observed in the microplate.…”

“…Enzymatic biodegradation is a promising route to decompose plastic waste . Microorganisms can secrete enzymes to depolymerize the long polymer chain into small molecules, taking these molecules as their carbon sources. , These plastic-degrading microorganisms, which are newly found in various sources, such as marine environments, dumping sites, , and aircraft, may be the solution to plastic waste. Therefore, it is important to identify these microorganisms and measure the activity of the polyurethane-degrading enzymes that they secrete.…”

“…As Impranil particles are hydrolyzed by enzymes, water-soluble molecules are released, making the Impranil suspension or Impranil-doped agar gel translucent. Thus, Impranil-based turbidity assays are widely applied for screening polyurethane-degrading microorganisms and enzymes. ,,,− However, the applicability of the turbidity change as the indicator of bond cleavage is being challenged. Aggregation of Impranil particles resulting from enzymatic reaction might lead to a turbidity change without cleaving Impranil particles .…”

Enzymatic Treatments for Biosolids: An Outlook and Recent Trends

“…Until today, organisms have been found that manage to synthesize them and also have evolutionary characteristics involved in post-translational modifications, structural changes, reduction, and abundance of charged, polar, and acid amino acids. Similarly, they show versatility in the degradation of polyurethane-based micro and nano plastics [ 102 , 103 ], as well as in the generation of new products such as synthetic polyester fabrics through enzymatic polymerization and the addition of poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) [ 104 ]. Another relevant example is the esterases involved in the generation of chiral, anti-inflammatory drugs, and intermediate products.…”

Gross Negligence: Impacts of Microplastics and Plastic Leachates on Phytoplankton Community and Ecosystem Dynamics

“…Although complete biodegradation of MPs in water samples has not been reported, microbial degradation of plastics has been demonstrated from several environmental isolates. − Microbial degradation of the plastic matrix is aided by external abiotic factors leading to changes in physical, mechanical, and chemical matrix properties. , Among phytoplankton, two filamentous cyanobacterial species, Phormidium lucidum and Oscillatoria subbrevis , have shown remarkable weakening of polymer crystallinity, weight, and thickness while rapidly colonizing the PE film surface. EPS secretion by the phytoplankton enlarges the pores that eventually crack into smaller fragments .…”