Biodismantling, a Novel Application of Bioleaching in Recycling of Electronic Wastes

Monneron-Enaud, Benjamin; Wiche, Oliver; Schlömann, Michael

doi:10.3390/recycling5030022

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…When achieving sufficient classification of the components after separation, some rare earth elements may become economically viable because their grade would be similar to commercial ores. A concentration of 9000 µg/g of dysprosium was detected in one of these separated fractions [45].…”

Section: Electronic Wastementioning

confidence: 97%

Biohydrometallurgy for Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Industrial Wastes

et al. 2021

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Biohydrometallurgy recovers metals through microbially mediated processes and has been traditionally applied for the extraction of base metals from low-grade sulfidic ores. New investigations explore its potential for other types of critical resources, such as rare earth elements. In recent times, the interest in rare earth elements (REEs) is growing due to of their applications in novel technologies and green economy. The use of biohydrometallurgy for extracting resources from waste streams is also gaining attention to support innovative mining and promote a circular economy. The increase in wastes containing REEs turns them into a valuable alternative source. Most REE ores and industrial residues do not contain sulfides, and bioleaching processes use autotrophic or heterotrophic microorganisms to generate acids that dissolve the metals. This review gathers information towards the recycling of REE-bearing wastes (fluorescent lamp powder, spent cracking catalysts, e-wastes, etc.) using a more sustainable and environmentally friendly technology that reduces the impact on the environment.

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Section: Electronic Wastementioning

confidence: 97%

Biohydrometallurgy for Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Industrial Wastes

et al. 2021

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“…Considering sufficient sorting of the components after separation, some rare earth elements may become economically available by reaching a grade similar to commercial ores. A concentration of 9000 μg/g of dysprosium has been detected in one of these separated fractions [59].…”

Section: Biorecovery Of Rees From Industrial and Electronic Wastesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rare Earth Elements Biorecovery from Mineral Ores and Industrial Wastes

Castro¹,

Blázquez²,

González³

et al. 2021

Heavy Metals - Their Environmental Impacts and Mitigation

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Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical raw materials and are attracting interest because of their applications in novel technologies and green economy. Biohydrometallurgy has been used to extract other base metals; however, bioleaching studies of REE mineral extraction from mineral ores and wastes are yet in their infancy. Mineral ores have been treated with a variety of microorganisms. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganims are particularly relevant in the bioleaching of monazite because transform insoluble phosphate into more soluble form which directly and/or indirectly contributes to their metabolism. The increase of wastes containing REEs turns them into an important alternative source. The application of bioleaching techniques to the treatment of solid wastes might contribute to the conversion towards a more sustainable and environmental friendly economy minimizing the amount of tailings or residues that exert a harmful impact on the environment.

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“…PCB sample pulverization has been traditionally proposed as a prerequisite for improving the efficiency of metal bioleaching [27,35,36], and, only recently, several authors have incorporated the use of entire PCB pieces for this process [37,38].…”

Section: Effect Of the Pre-treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Extraction and Recovery from Mobile Phone PCBs by a Combination of Bioleaching and Precipitation Processes

et al. 2021

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Bearing in mind the metal rich composition of printed circuit boards (PCBs), this material represents a secondary source of valuable metals and offers an entrepreneurial opportunity in the metal sales market. Based on the ability of microorganisms to regenerate and produce the chemical oxidants that are responsible for metal leaching, bioleaching has become an efficient and affordable alternative to conventional metal recycling technologies, although further research is still necessary before industrial implementation. This study focuses on the recovery of metals contained in mobile phone PCBs through a combined process. Two different PCB pre-treatments were evaluated: grinding the whole piece and removing the epoxy cover from the piece without grinding. The benefit of A. ferrooxidans activity on the metal solubilization rate was analyzed. Additional chemical leaching assays were also conducted for comparison purposes and the reagents ferric iron (Fe3+) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) were selected for these experiments. The copper extraction results obtained in Fe3+ experiments with and without bacteria (A. ferrooxidans) were similar after 260 h of operation, indicating the need for alternative strategies to ensure a controlled and continuous metal biodissolution rate. The contribution of H2SO4 to the leaching processes for copper and nickel was almost negligible during the first 50 h, and more significant thereafter. The recovered metals were precipitated from a synthetic solution simulating a real ferric leaching by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulfide (Na2S). The combination of both precipitants allowed an effective removal of metals from the leachate.

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Biodismantling, a Novel Application of Bioleaching in Recycling of Electronic Wastes

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Biohydrometallurgy for Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Industrial Wastes

Biohydrometallurgy for Rare Earth Elements Recovery from Industrial Wastes

Rare Earth Elements Biorecovery from Mineral Ores and Industrial Wastes

Metal Extraction and Recovery from Mobile Phone PCBs by a Combination of Bioleaching and Precipitation Processes

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