Biodiversity and biogeography of the abyssal and hadal Kuril-Kamchatka trench and adjacent NW Pacific deep-sea regions

Brandt, Angelika; Brix, Saskia; Riehl, Torben; Malyutina, Marina V.

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2019.102232

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…They found the same results for all marine species examined here; Arthropoda represented by crustaceans were dominant throughout all geographic areas of the deep NW Pacific, followed by Annelida, Echinodermata, and Mollusca (Brandt et al, 2019). Crustacea are widely reported as one of the most dominant components of species richness in the deep-water macrobenthos of the NW Pacific (Birstein, 1971;Kussakin and Vasina, 1990;Kussakin, 1999Kussakin, , 2003Brandt and Malyutina, 2015;Elsner et al, 2015;Golovan et al, 2018;Brandt et al, 2020) in addition to Polychaeta (Brandt et al, 2018) and Mollusca (Kamenev, 2019). Kamenev (2020) discovered that the Thyasiridae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) is the most species-rich family of bivalves in the abyssal and hadal zones of the NW Pacific; 14 species were recently found from depths exceeding 3,000 m with the deepest report between 9,000 and 9,583 m in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench belonging to Axinulus roseus Kamenev, 2020 (Kamenev, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…One should also keep in mind that our knowledge about the deep Arctic fauna is very limited as Gradinger et al (2010) demonstrated that the biodiversity of the AO is better studied in nearshore areas than the deep-sea ridge systems that extend thousands of kilometers across the Arctic seafloor (Gradinger et al, 2010). Thus, our data from the adjacent Arctic Ocean were scarce compared to the NW Pacific, which has been intensively analyzed in the last decade following extensive sampling from the board of RV Vityaz in the last century as well as an international collaboration between German and Russian scientists (Brandt and Malyutina, 2015;Brandt et al, 2018Brandt et al, , 2020Saeedi et al, 2019bSaeedi et al, ,d, 2020Saeedi and Brandt, 2020a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Environmental Drivers of Benthic Fauna Diversity and Community Composition

2022

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Establishing management programs to preserve the benthic communities along the NW Pacific and the Arctic Ocean (AO) requires a deep understanding of the composition of communities and their responses to environmental stressors. In this study, we thus examine patterns of benthic community composition and patterns of species richness along the NW Pacific and Arctic Seas and investigate the most important environmental drivers of those patterns. Overall we found a trend of decreasing species richness toward higher latitudes and deeper waters, peaking in coastal waters of the eastern Philippines. The most dominant taxa along the entire study area were Arthropoda, Mollusca, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, and Annelida. We found that depth, not temperature, was the main driver of community composition along the NW Pacific and neighboring Arctic Seas. Depth has been previously suggested as a factor driving species distribution in benthic fauna. Following depth, the most influential environmental drivers of community composition along the NW Pacific and the Arctic Ocean were silicate, light, and currents. For example, silicate in Hexactinellida, Holothuroidea, and Ophiuroidea; and light in Cephalopoda and Gymnolaemata had the highest correlations with community composition. In this study, based on a combination of new samples and open-access data, we show that different benthic communities might respond differently to future climatic changes based on their taxon-specific biological, physiological, and ecological characteristics. International conservation efforts and habitat preservation should take an adaptive approach and apply measures that take the differences among benthic communities in responding to future climate change into account. This facilitates implementing appropriate conservation management strategies and sustainable utilization of the NW Pacific and Arctic marine ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Environmental Drivers of Benthic Fauna Diversity and Community Composition

2022

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“…The abyssal and hadal faunas in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area were studied during the KuramBio II expedition (RV Sonne, cruise no. 250, August 16-September 26, 2016) (Brandt et al, 2020). Detailed descriptions of the geomorphology, hydrological regime and bottom sediments of the Kuril Basin and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench were given by Kamenev (2018bKamenev ( , 2019.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrofauna and Nematode Abundance in the Abyssal and Hadal Zones of Interconnected Deep-Sea Ecosystems in the Kuril Basin (Sea of Okhotsk) and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean)

et al. 2022

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The Kuril Basin and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench are two interconnected deep-sea ecosystems both located in one of the most highly productive regions of the world’s oceans. The main distinguishing features of these deep-sea ecosystems are the low oxygen concentration in the near-bottom water in the Kuril Basin, and the high hydrostatic pressure in the trench. We investigated the abundance of meio- and macrobenthic nematodes and macrofauna on the Kuril Basin floor (depths of 3,300–3,366 m) and in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area (depths of 3,432–9,539 m), as well as the influence of some environmental factors on the quantitative distribution of bottom fauna. This was not studied so far. The study also focused on the species composition and quantitative distribution of Polychaeta and Bivalvia, which were dominant in abundance among macrofaunal samples. The main factors influencing the quantitative distribution of macrofauna and nematodes were depth, oxygen concentration, and structure of bottom sediments. The Kuril Basin bottom communities are characterized by a high abundance of nematodes and macrofauna, a high species richness of polychaetes, and a pronounced dominance of small-sized species of Polychaeta and Bivalvia, which are probably more tolerant to low oxygen concentrations. Compared to the Kuril Basin, the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area (at depths of 3,432–5,741 m) had a more diverse and abundant macrofauna, and a very high abundance of meio- and macrobenthic nematodes. In the trench (at depths more than 6,000 m), the diversity of macrofauna and the abundance of macrobenthic nematodes decreased, while the abundance of macrofauna increased with increasing depth. On the trench floor, the macrofaunal abundance was highest due to the high density of populations of several bivalve and polychaete species, apparently adapted to the high hydrostatic pressure on the trench floor. Obviously, the high primary production of surface waters supports the diverse and abundant deep-sea bottom fauna in the studied areas of the northwestern Pacific. Furthermore, a large number of animals with chemosynthetic endosymbiotic bacteria were found in the bottom communities of the Kuril Basin and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench. This suggests a significant contribution of chemosynthetic organic carbon to functioning of these deep-sea ecosystems.

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“…During the KuramBio II expedition (RV Sonne, 250th Expedition) (Brandt et al 2016(Brandt et al , 2020, we retrieved several natural wood fragments from trawled bottom sediments and found a number of ostracods, including two undescribed species -one belonging to Keysercythere and the other to Redekea. This is the second record of wood-associated ostracod fauna from abyssal plains of the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two new xylophile cytheroid ostracods (Crustacea) from Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, with remarks on the systematics and phylogeny of the family Keysercytheridae, Limnocytheridae, and Paradoxostomatidae

Tanaka¹,

Yoo²,

Pham³

et al. 2021

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Keysercythere reticulatasp. nov. and Redekea abyssalissp. nov., collected from the wood fall submerged in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (Northwestern Pacific), are only the second records of the naturally occurring, wood-associated ostracod fauna from a depth of over 5000 m. At the same time, K. reticulata is the second and R. abyssalis is the third representative of their respective genera. While Keysercythere Karanovic and Brandão, 2015 species are free-living, deep-sea taxa, all Redekea de Vos, 1953 live symbiotically on the body surface of wood-boring isopods, Limnoria spp. Since R. abyssalis is the only genus representative found in the deep sea, we hypothesize that its ancestor colonized this ecosystem as a result of the symbiotic relationship. Newly collected material enabled us to update molecular phylogeny of Cythreoidea based on 18S rRNA gene sequences, especially to clarify the current systematics of the families Keysercytheridae, Limnocytheridae, and Paradoxostomatidae. The resulting phylogenetic tree supports a close relationship between Keysercythere and Redekea and a distant relationship between two Limnocytheridae lineages, Timiriaseviinae and Limnocytherinae. Consequently, we propose a transfer of Redekea from Paradoxostomatidae to Keysercytheridae, and erecting of the two limnocytherid subfamilies onto the family level. The phylogenetic analysis also implies a close relationship between the nominal Limnocytherinae genus and Keysercythere+Redekea clade, albeit with a low posterior probability, requiring further studies to clarify this.

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Biodiversity and biogeography of the abyssal and hadal Kuril-Kamchatka trench and adjacent NW Pacific deep-sea regions

Cited by 31 publications

References 54 publications

The Environmental Drivers of Benthic Fauna Diversity and Community Composition

The Environmental Drivers of Benthic Fauna Diversity and Community Composition

Macrofauna and Nematode Abundance in the Abyssal and Hadal Zones of Interconnected Deep-Sea Ecosystems in the Kuril Basin (Sea of Okhotsk) and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (Pacific Ocean)

Two new xylophile cytheroid ostracods (Crustacea) from Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, with remarks on the systematics and phylogeny of the family Keysercytheridae, Limnocytheridae, and Paradoxostomatidae

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