Biodiversity and systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts as determined by large-subunit rDNA D1/D2 domain sequence analysis.

Abstract

The molecular systematics of 337 strains of basidiomycetous yeasts and yeastlike fungi, representing 230 species in 18 anamorphic and 24 teleomorphic genera, was determined by sequence analysis of the D1/D2 region of the largesubunit rDNA. The data were compared with published sequences of other basidiomycetous fungi. The results demonstrated that the yeast species and genera are phylogenetically distributed among the Microbotryum , Sporidiobolus, Agaricostilbum and Erythrobasidium clades of the Urediniomycetes ; the Tremellales, Trichosporonales ord. nov., Filobasidiales and Cystofilobasidiales clades of the Hymenomycetes ; and the Ustilaginales, Microstromatales and Malasseziales clades of the Ustilaginomycetes. Genera such as Bensingtonia, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces are polyphyletic, i.e. they occur in two or more clades. In contrast, other genera, e.g. Bullera, Cystofilobasidium, Fellomyces, Filobasidiella, Filobasidium, Kondoa, Kurtzmanomyces , Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium, Sporidiobolus and Udeniomyces, are monophyletic. The majority of the species can be identified using D1/D2 analyses, although the internal transcribed spacer region is required to distinguish closely related species. The intergenic spacer region is recommended for additional differentiation of species and strains.

The yeast flora of some decaying mushrooms on trunks of living trees

“…For identification, the BioloMICS programm provided by Dr. V. Robert (Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS), Utrecht, The Netherlands) was used; it is available on internet page: www.cbs.knaw.nl . Identification of some Trichosporon strains and the Cryptococcus strain was confirmed by nuclear base sequencing of the D1D2 and ITS regions of 26S ribosomal DNA (Fell et al 2000;Scorzetti et al 2002).…”

Intragenomic polymorphism and intergenomic recombination in the ribosomal RNA genes of strains belonging to a yeast speciesPichia membranifaciens

“…The rDNA ITS region is one of the most frequently used molecular markers in phylogeny and identification of yeasts at the species level (James et al 1996; Montrocher et al 1998; Sugita et al 1999a, b; Fell et al 2000; Scorzetti et al 2002; Kurtzman and Robnett 2003) and has been selected as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi (Schoch et al 2012). Previous studies have claimed that conspecific yeast strains usually have fewer than 1% nucleotide differences in the ITS 1 and 2 regions overall (Nagahama et al 1999; Sugita et al 1999a, b; Scorzetti et al 2002).…”

Yeast Infection in a Beached Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena Australis) Neonate

“…The D1/D2 (600-650 bp) region of the large subunit (26S) rDNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) employing the universal forward primer F63 (59-GCA TAT CAA TAA GCG GAG GAA AAG-39) and reverse primer LR3 (59-GGT CCG TGT TTC AAG ACG G-39; Fell et al, 2000). The PCR was performed in a 50 ml reaction containing 10 ng DNA, 2.5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.25 mM deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs), 0.1 mM of each primer, and 0.5 U Fermentas Taq.…”