Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Shrimp Farming: Past and Present Shaping the Future

Emerenciano, Maurício Gustavo Coelho; Miranda‐Baeza, Anselmo; Martínez‐Porchas, Marcel; Poli, Moisés Angel; Vieira, Felipe do Nascimento

doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.813091

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Within the biofloc system, accumulation of bacterial storage compound poly β -hydroxybutyrate (PHB) normally occurs [ 64 ] which possesses antibacterial activity and acts as a preventive curator against vibriosis [ 65 ]. In addition, the competition for space and substrate are also mechanisms behind the probiotic effect of BFT, which suppress the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria [ 44 ]. Studies show that biofloc has probiotic properties [ 30 , 66 , 67 ] and improves fish/shrimp immunity [ 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: What Goes Right?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This positive impact on FCR ratios associated with improved growth and survival [39] is crucial aspects for the system's feasibility, contributing to reduce one of the most significant expenses in aquaculture production [18], while boosting circularity and enhancing green credentials [30]. BFT has been implemented in several countries and regions worldwide, including Vietnam, Brazil, the United States, Iran, Belize, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Australia, Tahiti, South Korea, Italy, China, as well as Latin and Central American countries [40][41][42][43], although levels of adoption and success can vary drastically [44]. In terms of species selection, BFT is most suitable for those that (i) can tolerate a relatively higher levels of N-compounds suspended solids concentrations in the water; (ii) possess morphological adaptations to capture and/or filter the microbial particles; and (iii) support crowding conditions [45].…”

Section: Understanding Biofloc Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Aquaculture: What Goes Right, What Goes Wrong? A Scientific-Based Snapshot

Khanjani,

Sharifinia,

Emerenciano

2024

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Aquaculture is a crucial industry that can help meet the increasing demand for aquatic protein products and provide employment opportunities in coastal areas and beyond. If incorrectly manage, traditional aquaculture methods can have negative impacts on the environment and natural resources, including water pollution and overuse of wild fish stocks as aquafeed ingredients. Biofloc technology (BFT) may offer a promising solution to some of these challenges by promoting a cleaner and sustainable production system. BFT converts waste into bioflocs, which serve as a natural food source for fish and shrimp within the culture system, reducing the need for external inputs, such as feed and chemicals. Moreover, BFT has the potential to improve yields and economic performance while promoting efficient resource utilization, such as water and energy. Despite its numerous advantages, BFT presents several challenges, such as high energy demand, high initial/running costs, waste (effluent, suspended solids, and sludge) management, opportunistic pathogens (vibrio) spread, and a lack of understanding of operational/aquatic/microbial dynamics. However, with further training, research, and innovation, these challenges can be overcome, and BFT can become a more widely understood and adopted technique, acting as an effective method for sustainable aquaculture. In summary, BFT offers a cleaner production option that promotes circularity practices while enhancing performance and economic benefits. This technique has the potential to address several challenges faced by the aquaculture industry while ensuring its continued growth and protecting the environment. A more broad BFT adoption can contribute to meeting the increasing demand for aquaculture products while reducing the industry’s negative impact on the environment and natural resources. In this context, this review provides an overview of the advantages and challenges of BFT and highlights key technical, biological, and economic aspects to optimize its application, promote further adoption, and overcome the current challenges.

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Section: What Goes Right?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Understanding Biofloc Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Aquaculture: What Goes Right, What Goes Wrong? A Scientific-Based Snapshot

Khanjani,

Sharifinia,

Emerenciano

2024

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the Pacific Ocean, this species has become the primary choice in global aquaculture based on its rapid growth rate, high adaptability to different farming conditions, and the nutritional quality of its meat (FAO, 2022). Technological advances and improved management practices have allowed the intensification of shrimp farming, increasing productivity and the efficiency of cultivation systems (El-Sayed, 2021;Emerenciano et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of feeding table optimizations in Pacific white shrimp nursery biofloc systems

Padilla,

Martins,

Carneiro

et al. 2024

Bol. Inst. Pesca

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A 45-day experiment was conducted to optimize feeding rates in the nursery phase of Pacific white shrimp reared in biofloc systems (BFT). Four treatments were evaluated in quadruplicate, according to the Van Wyk table: maximum feeding rate; minimum feeding rate; minimum feeding rate minus 10%; and maximum feeding rate plus 10%. Post-larvae (0.08 ± 0.00 g) were cultured at the density of 2,000 shrimp·m-3, and water quality, solids production, and productive performance were all monitored. No significant difference was observed in final mean weight (1.47 ± 0.17 g), productivity (2.34 ± 0.20 kg·m-3) and survival (85.29 ± 5.44%) among treatments, but feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the minimum feeding rate and minimum feeding rate minus 10% treatments, indicating efficient feed conversion without compromising growth. These treatments also resulted in lower values of toxic nitrogen compounds and total suspended solids, suggesting a positive impact on water quality. Although these rates proved suitable, continuous adjustments are needed owing to variations in the BFT system. This study provides guidelines for optimizing feeding management in superintensive BFT nursery systems.

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“…In addition, BFT has proven bene cial to farmed animals as a source of protein (contributes about 20% of protein requirement (Avnimelech 2012) and about 29% of daily nitrogen retention of the shrimp (Burford et al 2004), vitamin, probiotics, and bioactive compounds (Yu et al 2021). The application of BFT can support the shrimp's more signi cant growth, survival, and reproductive performance (Emerenciano et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the addition ratio of rice flour and molasses on growth performance and survival of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) stocked by biofloc technology

Phuong

Hòa

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The 63-day experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different rice flour and molasses ratio on Pacific white shrimp, which were reared by biofloc technology. The five treatments (R10-M90, R30-M70, R50-M50, R30-M70, R10-M90) and one control were randomly arranged with three repetitions in 18 plastic tanks. The content of adding two carbohydrate sources was calculated and added to water to gain the C:N ratio of 15:1. The experimental shrimps (mean initial weight of 0.095 g) were stocked at a density of 150 m−3 and fed Lotus pellets (40% protein) for 63 days. The results showed that the temperature, pH, DO, and alkalinity are suitable for shrimp. The carbohydrate-supplemented treatments increased floc volume (FVI), mean floc length (MFL) and mean floc width (MFW), total suspended solids (TSS), reduced total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite (NO2-), as compared to control, in which R70-M30 treatment exhibited the most pronounced effects. Shrimp culture applying biofloc process stimulated the density of total bacteria and zooplankton to thrive and limited phytoplankton. Maintaining the C:N as 15 by adding carbohydrates showed a more effective impact. There was no significant difference in final average weight, but final biomass and survival tended to be highest in treatment R70-M30 (results were only significantly different from R90-M10). In conclusion, combining two carbohydrate sources positively improved water quality and had no negative impact on shrimp growth.

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Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Shrimp Farming: Past and Present Shaping the Future

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Aquaculture: What Goes Right, What Goes Wrong? A Scientific-Based Snapshot

Biofloc Technology (BFT) in Aquaculture: What Goes Right, What Goes Wrong? A Scientific-Based Snapshot

Evaluation of feeding table optimizations in Pacific white shrimp nursery biofloc systems

Effect of the addition ratio of rice flour and molasses on growth performance and survival of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) stocked by biofloc technology

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