Bioflocculation and CO2 Supplementation in Wastewater Treatment by Algal High-Rate Ponds

Ward, Paul

doi:10.15368/theses.2011.223

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The HRAPS are paddle wheel-mixed raceways that simulate standard 30-cm deep algae production ponds as previously described for municipal wastewater treatment research (Ward, 2011;Weissman et al, 1988). These ponds were operated as two sets of duplicates to conduct controlled experiments to determine parameters to be used in optimization of wastewater treatment and algae feed production.…”

Section: Apparatus and Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community structures in high rate algae ponds for bioconversion of agricultural wastes from livestock industry for feed production

Ibekwe

Murinda

Murry

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Dynamics of seasonal microbial community compositions in algae cultivation ponds are complex. However, there is very limited knowledge on bacterial communities that may play significant roles with algae in the bioconversion of manure nutrients to animal feed. In this study, water samples were collected during winter, spring, summer, and fall from the dairy lagoon effluent (DLE), high rate algae ponds (HRAP) that were fed with diluted DLE, and municipal waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluent which was included as a comparison system for the analysis of total bacteria, Cyanobacteria, and microalgae communities using MiSeq Illumina sequencing targeting the 16S V4 rDNA region. The main objective was to examine dynamics in microbial community composition in the HRAP used for the production of algal biomass. DNA was extracted from the different sample types using three commercially available DNA extraction kits; MoBio Power water extraction kit, Zymo fungi/bacterial extraction kit, and MP Biomedicals FastDNA SPIN Kit. Permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) using distance matrices on each variable showed significant differences (P=0.001) in beta-diversity based on sample source. Environmental variables such as hydraulic retention time (HRT; P<0.031), total N (P<0.002), total inorganic N (P<0.002), total P (P<0.002), alkalinity (P<0.002), pH (P<0.022), total suspended solid (TSS; P<0.003), and volatile suspended solids (VSS; P<0.002) significantly affected microbial communities in DLE, HRAP, and WWTP. Of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identified to phyla level, the dominant classes of bacteria identified were: Cyanobacteria, Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, Epsilon-, and Delta-proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes. Our data suggest that microbial communities were significantly affected in HRAP by different environmental variables, and care must be taken in extraction procedures when evaluating specific groups of microbial communities for specific functions.

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Section: Apparatus and Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community structures in high rate algae ponds for bioconversion of agricultural wastes from livestock industry for feed production

Ibekwe

Murinda

Murry

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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“…(Oswald et.al, 1953;U.S. DOE, 2010) If fed with municipal wastewater from primary clarifier effluent, the nutrient load can be significantly reduced in discharged water without the need for chemical treatment (Golueke & Oswald, 1959;Enssani, 1982;Ward, 2011). Studies have shown that pairing wastewater treatment with microalgae aquaculture, not only has the highest environmental rescue, but is perhaps the only way the biofuel industry can become energy neutral and cost effective (Benemann et al, 1982;Enssani, 1982;Sheehan, 1998).…”

Section: Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Algae productivity can only be estimated when organic wastewaters are used as media, due to bacterial growth and wastewater detritus. However, biomass productivity was calculated for the period of the present study (Ward, 2011). These estimates are used in the following analysis of data stemming from the present thesis.…”

Section: Productivity and Insolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased TAG production can also result from low organic nitrogen concentrations in the cellular tissue. Organic nitrogen concentrations for the pond data set were determined as total nitrogen (or total Kjeldahl nitrogen) minus ammonia (Ward, 2011). Organic nitrogen content of 8-10% are considered typical for microalgae grown in nitrogen replete media (Fulton, 2009).…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipid Production by Microalgae Treating Municipal Wastewater

Kelley¹

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Lipid production by microalgae treating municipal wastewater James Edward Kelley Microalgae hold much promise as a feedstock in liquid biofuel production. Lipid content of microalgae cells range from 30-80% dry weight of biomass. It is projected that microalgae can produce between 1,000-6,500 gallons/acre/year of oil. Currently, production of industrial algae operates in open raceway ponds that use minimal capital and energy inputs to culture algae. Raceway ponds can also be used to grow microalgae from municipal waste streams. Although high biomass productivity can be achieved in these systems, there remains a large production gap between large volumes of biomass cultivation and high lipid content from microalgae cells. Low lipid content has been ameliorated through laboratory manipulations of nitrogen availability and light intensity. This two-part project measured microalgae lipid levels in open raceway ponds located at the San Luis Obispo Water Reclamation Facility (SLO WRF) grown in primary clarifier effluent and then performed nitrogen depletion and light-shift methods on cultures to increase triglyceride (TAG) content. The raceway ponds reached maximum biomass productivity of 24 g/m 2-day, but with minimal TAG reserves. Optimization of both biomass productivity and TAG content can be achieved in April and September with 13 g/m 2-day productivity and 13% TAG content. Investigation of increased TAG production responses were performed on wastewater microalgae (predominately Scenedesmus sp.) through N-depletion and three light treatments: lightshift on day 3 (before N-depletion), light-shift on day 5 (near N-depletion), and a doubleillumination treatment. Highest levels of TAG content were observed in the double-illumination treatment and reached a maximum of 49% TAG in 9 days.

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Bioflocculation and CO2 Supplementation in Wastewater Treatment by Algal High-Rate Ponds

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Microbial community structures in high rate algae ponds for bioconversion of agricultural wastes from livestock industry for feed production

Microbial community structures in high rate algae ponds for bioconversion of agricultural wastes from livestock industry for feed production

Lipid Production by Microalgae Treating Municipal Wastewater

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