Biofortified Maize Can Improve Quality Protein Intakes among Young Children in Southern Ethiopia

Gunaratna, Nilupa S.; Moges, Debebe

doi:10.3390/nu11010192

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…There are several reasons that increased consumption of QPM may not have translated into significant improvements in growth. It could be that the increase in QPM consumption was not enough to lead to meaningful changes in growth, 48 or that the amount of time children had been eating QPM was not long enough to detect impacts. It is also possible that impurities in the QPM grain (resulting from cross pollination with conventional maize, which can occur on small plots) resulted in less available quality protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural insights to support increased consumption of quality protein maize by young children: a cluster randomised trial in Ethiopia

Donato¹,

McConnell

Han

et al. 2020

BMJ Glob Health

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IntroductionBiofortified crops have tremendous potential to improve child nutrition. We tested whether complementing the distribution of quality protein maize (QPM) with a package of interventions informed by behavioural insights could support greater consumption of QPM by young children and translate into improved growth.MethodsWe conducted a cluster-randomised trial in Oromia, Ethiopia. Clusters of households with a child between 6 and 35 months were randomised into an arm receiving QPM seed only (320 households, 203 clusters) or an arm receiving QPM seed and a child consumption targeting intervention (290 households, 183 clusters). The intervention package included tools to help caregivers keep QPM separate from conventional maize and to earmark QPM specifically for child consumption, as well as encouragement regarding cooking QPM specifically for young children. We analysed the impact of the intervention on food storage, cooking and consumption behaviours and on anthropometric measures (weight-for-age, height-for-age z scores).ResultsThe consumption targeting intervention increased the probability of child consumption of QPM in the past week by 17.3 percentage points (pp) (95% CI 9.4 pp to 25.1 pp; p<0.01), increased the probability that QPM flour was stored separately from conventional maize by 46.5 pp (95% CI 38.3 pp to 54.7 pp; p<0.01) and increased the probability that caregivers cooked QPM specifically for young children in the past week by 14.4 pp (95% CI 7.9 pp to 20.9 pp; p<0.01). These effects persisted, but were attenuated, 10 months postintervention. No significant effects on anthropometric outcomes were found.ConclusionsEnhancing the distribution of new, biofortified crop varieties with a consumption targeting campaign can change storage, cooking and consumption behaviours. However, these improved behaviours did not translate into increased growth in this setting.Trial registration numberNCT02710760 and AEARCTR0000786.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural insights to support increased consumption of quality protein maize by young children: a cluster randomised trial in Ethiopia

Donato¹,

McConnell

Han

et al. 2020

BMJ Glob Health

Self Cite

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“…To test the association between technology types and analytical model selection, we used multinomial logit or polytomous logistic regression model, in which the dependent variable is categorical with outcomes that have no natural ordering. The details of model assumptions and estimation of multinomial logit regression models are available in the literature (Greene 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmer adoption of sustainable intensification technologies in the maize systems of the Global South. A review

Jones-Garcia

Krishna

2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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This paper reviews the empirical literature on the determinants of farmer adoption of sustainable intensification technologies in maize agri-food systems of the Global South. The attributes of the technology and the dissemination institutions interact with farm/farmer-specific variables, leading to heterogeneous impacts, making the prediction of technology adoption challenging. However, most empirical studies oversimplify the adoption process and examine only the farm/farmer-specific variables as the determinants of adoption, thereby limiting the scope of learning on how the attributes of the technology and the dissemination system could have been altered to realize a more efficient and more inclusive technological change. We argue for a realignment of empirical adoption analysis for better implications through a conscious rejection of the assumption that the onus of technology performance rests solely with the farmer. Here we review the studies published between 2007 and 2018 on the adoption of sustainable intensification technologies in maize systems of the Global South to examine how the adoption models are currently dependent on the farm/farmer attributes vis-à-vis the attributes of technologies and disseminating institutions. The main findings from a synthesis of 137 adoption studies are threefold. (1) Limited information access and technologies not suitable for the small landholdings were the major constraints of farmer adoption of technologies. (2) The criticisms on the conventional adoption analysis concerning oversimplification and decontextualization of the decision-making process are reaffirmed. (3) The empirical adoption research needs to incorporate the attributes of technologies and the socio-institutional context to develop better research strategies toward inclusive agrarian development. We examine how the framework of the socioeconomic analysis can be reconstructed to facilitate the research and development (R&D) institutions to overcome the major hurdles of rapid and inclusive dissemination. Evaluation of the degree to which the attributes of technology favor its adoption requires increased research attention.

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“…Quality protein maize (QPM) varieties are being encouraged in developing countries with maize as major constituents of their diets compared to the conventional maize (Gunaratna, et al, 2019). Different varieties are used for the production of several traditional foods especially in Africa such as ogi, The main diets of poor people are cereals with scanty protein sources like eggs and meat (Oluwakemi and Omodele, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garlic-Ginger as Potential Bio-Preservative in Fermented Maize and Sorghum Pastes

Olaniran¹,

Adeniran²

2020

J microb biotech food sci

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Garlic and ginger are natural spices with potentials as biopreservatives and allied health benefits. Fermented pastes either from maize or sorghum have a shelf life of fewer than 10 days except when refrigerated. In this study, garlic and ginger were added separately and in combinations to the fermented pastes prepared from maize and sorghum grains with a view to extending its shelf life resulted in 7 treatments. During storage for 4 weeks at ambient and refrigeration temperatures, the microbial load was enumerated and isolates identified using conventional methods. Physicochemical properties and shelf-life of the paste were also evaluated. Prominent in the fermented pastes during storage were 8 species of lactic acid bacteria and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces rouxii). Garlic inhibited the growth of Candida utilis, Candida mycoderma, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, and Rhodotorula glutinis in paste during storage. Bio-preserved paste using 4% garlic with 2% ginger had the best preservative effect on total viable counts (8.29-11.30 CFU/g), lactic acid bacteria (8.3-9.70 CFU/g) and yeast (4.69-9.45 CFU/g) counts. The study established that fermented pastes produced from either maize or sorghum can be effectively bio preserved using garlic, ginger, and garlic-ginger at 2 or 4 % for 4 weeks without spoilage at ambient temperature (27± 2oC); thus, extending its shelf life.

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Biofortified Maize Can Improve Quality Protein Intakes among Young Children in Southern Ethiopia

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Behavioural insights to support increased consumption of quality protein maize by young children: a cluster randomised trial in Ethiopia

Behavioural insights to support increased consumption of quality protein maize by young children: a cluster randomised trial in Ethiopia

Farmer adoption of sustainable intensification technologies in the maize systems of the Global South. A review

Garlic-Ginger as Potential Bio-Preservative in Fermented Maize and Sorghum Pastes

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