Biogenic ice nuclei in boundary layer air over two U.S. High Plains agricultural regions

García, Elvin G. Boneta; Hill, Thomas C. J.; Prenni, A. J.; DeMott, Paul J.; Franc, G. D.; Kreidenweis, Sonia M.

doi:10.1029/2012jd018343

Cited by 110 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In this respect -its affect on high-temperature-active INPs -it generally corresponds to the findings of Christner et al (2008) 2006). Garcia et al (2012) also found ≈ 10 5 ina genes g −1 in the surface soil of a just-harvested corn field, but it is possible these came from pulverized corn tissue dusting the surface. Vali et al (1976) also demonstrated the ability of a locally isolated Ps.…”

Section: In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…INP estimates were made using 32 aliquots of 50-80 µL of suspension dispensed into sterile 96-well polypropylene PCR trays (Life Science Products Inc.). Full details of the immersion freezing protocol are given in Garcia et al (2012) but are summarized here. INP numbers were estimated by counting the number of frozen aliquots in the PCR tray as it was cooled in a thermal cycler MJ Research).…”

Section: Measurement Of Inpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently there has been a resurgence of related research, with the general aims of correlating abundances of organic INPs in the boundary layer with local ecotypes (Prenni et al, 2009;Bowers et al, 2010;Garcia et al, 2012;Tobo et al, 2013;Mason et al, 2015), gauging the stimulation of their release by humidity, rainfall, and harvesting (Garcia et al, 2012;Huffman et al, 2013;Prenni et al, 2013;Wright et al, 2014;Bigg et al, 2015), and measuring organic INP abundance in clouds and precipitation (Christner et al, 2008;Delort et al, 2010;Joly et al, 2014;Monteil et al, 2014;Morris et al, 2008;Petters and Wright, 2015;Šantl-Temkiv et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of organic ice nucleating particles in soils

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Soil organic matter (SOM) may be a significant source of atmospheric ice nucleating particles (INPs), especially of those active > −15 • C. However, due to both a lack of investigations and the complexity of the SOM itself, the identities of these INPs remain unknown. To more comprehensively characterize organic INPs we tested locally representative soils in Wyoming and Colorado for total organic By contrast, lysozyme, which digests bacterial cell walls, only reduced INPs active at ≥ −7.5 or ≥ −6 • C, depending on the soil. The known IN bacteria were not detected in any soil, using PCR for the ina gene that codes for the active protein. We directly isolated and photographed two INPs from soil, using repeated cycles of freeze testing and subdivision of droplets of dilute soil suspensions; they were complex and apparently organic entities. Ice nucleation activity was not affected by digestion of Proteinase K-susceptible proteins or the removal of entities composed of fulvic and humic acids, sterols, or aliphatic alcohol monolayers. Organic INPs active colder than −10 to −12 • C were resistant to all investigations other than heat, oxidation with H 2 O 2 , and, for some, digestion with papain. They may originate from decomposing plant material, microbial biomass, and/or the humin component of the SOM. In the case of the latter then they are most likely to be a carbohydrate. Reflecting the diversity of the SOM itself, soil INPs have a range of sources which occur with differing relative abundances.

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Section: In Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Inpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sources of organic ice nucleating particles in soils

et al. 2016

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“…During studies of environmentally sampled ice nuclei of initially unknown composition, sensitivity to heat treatment has become a commonly employed technique to aid in classification of IN as biogenic or otherwise (Christner et al, 2008a, b;Henderson-Begg et al, 2009;Garcia et al, 2012). This straightforward test operates on the principle that known proteinaceous IN from intact bacteria and fungi are progressively lost upon heating to 363 K (Pouleur et al, 1992).…”

Section: Drop Freezing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ice nucleation by fertile soil dusts: relative importance of mineral and biogenic components

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Agricultural dust emissions have been estimated to contribute around 20 % to the global dust burden. In contrast to dusts from arid source regions, the ice-nucleating abilities of which have been relatively well studied, soil dusts from fertile sources often contain a substantial fraction of organic matter. Using an experimental methodology which is sensitive to a wide range of ice nucleation efficiencies, we have characterised the immersion mode ice-nucleating activities of dusts (d < 11 µm) extracted from fertile soils collected at four locations around England. By controlling droplet sizes, which ranged in volume from 10 −12 to 10 −6 L (concentration = 0.02 to 0.1 wt % dust), we have been able to determine the ice nucleation behaviour of soil dust particles at temperatures ranging from 267 K (−6 • C) down to the homogeneous limit of freezing at about 237 K (−36 • C). At temperatures above 258 K (−15 • C) we find that the ice-nucleating activity of soil dusts is diminished by heat treatment or digestion with hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that a major fraction of the ice nuclei stems from biogenic components in the soil. However, below 258 K, we find that the ice active site densities tend towards those expected from the mineral components in the soils, suggesting that the inorganic fraction of soil dusts, in particular the K-feldspar fraction, becomes increasingly important in the initiation of the ice phase at lower temperatures. We conclude that dusts from agricultural activities could contribute significantly to atmospheric IN concentrations, if such dusts exhibit similar activities to those observed in the current laboratory study.

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“…Since some kinds of bioaerosols can act as ice nuclei even at temperatures warm than -10°C (Schnell and Vali, 1972;Diehl et al, 2001;Iannone et al, 2011;Knopf et al, 2011;Morris et al, 2013;Joly et al, 2014), bioaerosols as an important component of aerosols in the atmosphere have been paid much more attentions over the past decades (Schnell and Vali, 1972;Diehl et al, 2001;Iannone et al, 2011;Knopf et al, 2011;Morris et al, 2013). Ice nucleation-active bioaerosols have widely been found in different regions and climates (Schnell and Vali, 1976;Christner et al, 2008a;Christner et al, 2008b;Pratt et al, 2009;Conen et al, 2011;Garcia et al, 2012;Burrows et al, 2013;Huffman et al, 2013;Monteil et al, 2014;O'Sullivan et al, 2014). Recent numerical studies show that ice nucleation-active bioaerosols can trigger the ice multiplication in the warmbased precipitating shallow cumulus clouds (Ariya et al, 2009;Sun et al, 2010;Sun et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Study of Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Ice Nucleation Activity of Bacteria

Wang

Sun

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Ice nuclei of some bacterial origin as ice catalysts can initiate ice nucleation at temperatures as warm as -2°C in certain laboratory experiments. The ice nucleation activities of airborne bacteria in the real atmosphere may be different from those experiments. To estimate the impact of typical atmospheric pollutants including monocarboxylic acids (MCAs), dicarboxylic acids (DCAs) and ammonia sulfate on ice nucleation activity of P.syringae pv lachrymans and P.syringae pv.panici, we have conducted some experiments by means of the modified Vali's droplet freezing testing method in the immersion freezing mode with the mixture of the pure water and the polluted water. Our results show that the ice nucleation activity of bacterial origins can be regulated by such pollutant compounds even though the onset freezing temperatures of water droplets mainly depend on the concentrations of ice nucleation-active bacteria. Atmospheric acids can decrease ice nucleation activity of P.syringae pv lachrymans and P.syringae pv.panici. However, the onset freezing temperatures of water droplets immersed with ice nucleation-active P.syringae pv lachrymans will be enhanced by the low concentration of such atmospheric pollutants.

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Biogenic ice nuclei in boundary layer air over two U.S. High Plains agricultural regions

Cited by 110 publications

References 92 publications

Sources of organic ice nucleating particles in soils

Sources of organic ice nucleating particles in soils

Ice nucleation by fertile soil dusts: relative importance of mineral and biogenic components

Laboratory Study of Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Ice Nucleation Activity of Bacteria

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