Biogenic Particle Sources and Vertical Flux Patterns in the Seasonally Ice-Covered Greenland Sea

Peinert, Rolf; Bauerfeind, Eduard; Gradinger, Rolf; Haupt, Olaf; Peeken, Ilka; Werner, Iris; Zeitzschel, Bernt

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-56876-3_5

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The flux of organic carbon on the Lomonosov Ridge is similar to the fluxes found in the seasonally ice-covered Greenland Sea (Noji et al, 2001;Peinert et al, 2001;Peinert and Noji, 2004) but up to nine times lower than fluxes determined in the southern Kara (Gaye et al, submitted) and Beaufort Seas (Moran, 2004;O'Brien et al, 2006). The latter fluxes are large because of the river discharge in these regions (Table 5).…”

Section: Annual Fluxessupporting

confidence: 69%

Lithogenic and biogenic particle fluxes on the Lomonosov Ridge (central Arctic Ocean) and their relevance for sediment accumulation: Vertical vs. lateral transport

Fahl

Nöthig

2007

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

109

107

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Investigations of lithogenic and biogenic particle fluxes using long-term sediment traps are still very rare in the northern high latitudes and are restricted to the arctic marginal seas and sub-arctic regions. Here data on the variability of fluxes of lithogenic matter, CaCO 3 , opal, and organic carbon and biomarker composition from the central Arctic Ocean are presented for a 1-year period. The study was carried out on material obtained from a long-term mooring system equipped with two multi-sampling traps, at 150 and 1550 m depth, and deployed on the southern Lomonosov Ridge close to the Laptev Sea continental margin from September 1995 to August 1996. In addition, data from surface sediments were included in the study. Annual fluxes of lithogenic matter, CaCO 3 , opal, and particulate organic carbon were 3.9, 0.8, 2.6, and 1.5 g m À2 y À1 , respectively, in the shallow trap and 11.3, 0.5, 2.9, and 1.05 g m À2 y À1 , respectively, in the deep trap.Both the shallow and the deep trap showed significant variations in vertical flux over the year. Higher values were found from mid-July to the end of October (total mass flux of 75-130 mg m À2 d À1 in the shallow trap and 40-225 mg m À2 d À1 in the deep trap). During all other months, fluxes were fairly low in both traps (most total mass flux values o10 mg m À2 d À1 ). The interval of increased fluxes can be separated into (1) a mid-July/August maximum caused by increased primary production as documented in high abundances of marine biomarkers and diatoms and (2) a September/October maximum caused by increased influence of Lena River discharge indicated by maximum lithogenic flux and large amounts of terrigenous/fluvial biomarkers in both traps. During September/October, total mass fluxes in the deep trap were significantly higher than in the shallow trap, suggesting a lateral sediment flux at greater depth. The lithogenic flux data also support the importance of sediment input from the Laptev Sea for the sediment accumulation on the Lomonosov Ridge on geological time scales, as indicated in sedimentary records from this region. r

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Section: Annual Fluxessupporting

confidence: 69%

Lithogenic and biogenic particle fluxes on the Lomonosov Ridge (central Arctic Ocean) and their relevance for sediment accumulation: Vertical vs. lateral transport

Fahl

Nöthig

2007

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

109

107

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“…Overall, benthic community patterns seem to follow a bathymetric/shelf distance zonation at the Greenland Sea slope, which has also been described for megafauna between 190 and 2,800 m depth at 75°N (Mayer and Piepenburg 1996). A seasonally high export of organic particles in the MIZ and increased food availability may sustain high epifaunal densities at the continental rise and the western part of the Ardencaple Canyon (Ramseier et al 1999;Peinert et al 2001). This study provides further evidence from Arctic Seas that the presence of dropstones and sunken wood lead to a niche versification and contribute to explain high species numbers in deep-sea environments (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Colonisation of hard substrata along a channel system in the deep Greenland Sea

Schulz

Bergmann

Juterzenka³

et al. 2010

Polar Biol

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The colonisation of hard substrata (HS) by epibenthic megafauna was studied by photographic surveys along the Ardencaple Canyon in the deep western Greenland Sea in 2000. Seven transects at 2,700-3,200 m water depth showed generally low densities of dropstones, sunken wood, and other substrata including anthropogenic material (range: 2-11 HS km -1 ). Overall, 30 different taxa and morphotypes were found on or associated with HS. While the sea anemone Bathyphellia margaritacea and the pantopod Ascorhynchus abyssi dominated the fauna on the substrate surfaces, a ball-shaped morphotype of uncertain taxonomic origin characterised assemblages marginally associated with HS. Community analysis revealed differences in faunal patterns near the continental rise and towards the deep sea, but diversity and evenness did not differ significantly between the various regions. However, we conclude that dropstones and other hard substrata at the seafloor serve as colonisation islands and thereby generally increase small-scale habitat diversity in polar deep-sea environments.

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“…3). the area above the sediment trap likely triggered the onset of the diatom bloom, as ice melt typically promotes diatom blooms in the marginal ice zone by producing strongly stratified surface water (Peinert et al, 2001;Fortier et al, 2002;Sakshaug, 2004;Lalande et al, 2007). Because zooplankton fecal pellets sink rapidly (Turner, 2002), a pronounced increase in FPC fluxes 15 days after the increase in bPSi fluxes suggests that zooplankton biomass was low until it rapidly increased at the end of May, most likely indicating the seasonal ascent of copepods in the region.…”

Section: Ice Concentration and Water Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a warm anomaly on export fluxes of biogenic matter in the eastern Fram Strait

Lalande

Bauerfeind

Nöthig

et al. 2013

Progress in Oceanography

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to July 2008 to indirectly assess the impact of the warm anomaly on phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in the region. Lower and less frequent bPSi fluxes were observed during most of the warm anomaly period, reflecting a shift in phytoplankton community composition towards dominance of small-sized phytoplankton under warmer conditions. Lower FPC fluxes observed concurrently with the lower bPSi fluxes may indicate a decrease in fecal pellet production due to changing feeding conditions. In addition, the export of smaller fecal pellets in fall 2005 and spring 2006 suggests a dominance of smaller zooplankton during the warm anomaly. Nonetheless, bPSi and FPC export always increased in the presence of ice cover in the area above the sediment trap, even during the warm anomaly period, suggesting that sea ice is a key factor influencing the frequency of export events in the eastern Fram Strait. The scarcity of ice over the sampling area in 2005 and 2006 may partly be due to the warm anomaly, although solar radiation and ice drift due to wind stress also govern ice cover extent in the region. Overall, the warm anomaly resulted in a shift in the composition of the export fluxes when associated with an absence of ice cover in the eastern Fram Strait.

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Biogenic Particle Sources and Vertical Flux Patterns in the Seasonally Ice-Covered Greenland Sea

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Lithogenic and biogenic particle fluxes on the Lomonosov Ridge (central Arctic Ocean) and their relevance for sediment accumulation: Vertical vs. lateral transport

Lithogenic and biogenic particle fluxes on the Lomonosov Ridge (central Arctic Ocean) and their relevance for sediment accumulation: Vertical vs. lateral transport

Colonisation of hard substrata along a channel system in the deep Greenland Sea

Impact of a warm anomaly on export fluxes of biogenic matter in the eastern Fram Strait

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