Biogeography, distribution and conservation status of maples (Acer L.) in Iran

Mohtashamian, Mojgansadat; Attar, Farideh; Kavousi, Kaveh; Masoudi‐Nejad, Ali

doi:10.1007/s00468-017-1571-1

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In A. negundo variegatum, A. negundo, and A. palmatum, which are non-native species, due to planting at low forest altitude and having relatively suitable ecological conditions such as sufficient humidity and a temperate climate, the stomata are flat and above the epidermal cells (Mohtashamian et al, 2017). In contrast, epidermal cells of species that grow and spread at high altitudes in Hyrcanian forests, such as A. campestre, A. hyrcanum, A. mazandaranicum, and A. monsspesulanom are located above the stoma (Karimi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal variations and their position relative to leaf epidermal cells in ten Maple species

esfahani,

Payamnoor,

Sattarian

2024

Folia Oecologica

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In the present study, we investigated the structure of stomata in seven native species of Hyrcanian forests (Acer hyrcanum, A. velutinum Boiss., A. campestre, A. platanoides L., A. cappadocicum, A. monspessulanum, A. amazandaranicum), as well as non-native species that have fully adapted (A. negundo, A. negundo variegatum, and A. palmatum). We used light and electron microscopy to determine the form and position of the stomata in relation to the leaf epidermal cells. The length, width, shape, area, perimeter, and stomatal density were all measured. Our findings revealed that the stomata type of A. negundo varengiayum, A. campestre, A. hyrcanum, A. mazandaranicum and A. monsspesulanum is anomocytic, A. platanoides and A. cappadocicum have anomocytic stomata with wavy subsidiary cells, while A. palmatum has anisocytic stomata and A. velutinum has parasitic stomata. A. negundo has actinocytic stomata. Regarding the location of stomata relative to adjacent epidermal cells, we identified three types. In the first type, the stomata were flush with adjacent epidermal cells (A. cappadocicum, A. negundo, A. platanoides). In the second type, the stomata were higher (A. negundo variegatum), and in the third type, the stomata were lower (A. velutinum, A. monspesulanom, A. campestre, A. mazandaranicum, A. hyrcanum). The principal component analysis was used to determine the essential stomatal traits in differentiating between species. We also investigated the distribution of trees in the coordinate axis space based on two main components and performed cluster analysis based on stomatal characteristics. A. platanoides, A. negundo, A. negundo variegatum were in one cluster, while the other species were in separate clusters. The calculation of dissimilarity among the studied species revealed the lowest similarity between A. negundo and A. hyrcanum and the highest similarity between A. campestre and A. mazandaranicum. The results of the discriminant analysis identified stomatal density as the essential factor in differentiation between the studied species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stomatal variations and their position relative to leaf epidermal cells in ten Maple species

esfahani,

Payamnoor,

Sattarian

2024

Folia Oecologica

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“…Maples in Iran range from sea level to 3000 m, though the elevation range is unique for each species (Mohtashamian et al 2017). Mean annual precipitation also varies in the habitats and each species has specific water preferences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petiole anatomy: a contribution to the taxonomy of Acer L. (Sapindaceae) in Iran

Mohtashamian

Hajishirkia'ee

Fatehi

et al. 2022

Nordic Journal of Botany

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As the third biggest genus in Sapindaceae, Acer contains about 110 species which are mainly distributed in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. With nine native species in Iran, maples are considered to be among the key forest trees in the country. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of petiole traits for delimiting species of Acer. Ten petiolar characters were studied in 44 populations of 9 species of Acer from Iran. The characters were assembled into a matrix and the ability of variables to segregate taxa was analyzed statistically. Results revealed a high reliability in delimiting all the species investigated. Acer monspessulanum, which occupies various habitats throughout the country, showed the highest diversity in petiole anatomy among the species studied. Based on the presence or absence of medullary bundles, two supertypes of petioles were definable. Although not helpful at the infraspecific level, petiole anatomy is shown to be taxonomically useful in delimiting species of Acer.

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“…Moreover, Acer species are known to have low pollen productivity and poor pollen dispersal (Andersen, 1970;Ramezani et al, 2008), which may contribute to the stronger population genetic structure observed in A. velutinum in the Hyrcanian forests. The Hyrcanian region exhibits high species diversity in the Acer genus compared to the Fagus and Quercus genera (Mohtashamian et al, 2017). Recently, a new species, Acer mazandaranicum Amini, H. Zare & Assadi, was described from the Mazandaran region, which shares similarities in bark morphology with A. velutinum (Amini et al, 2008).…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Population Structure In The Hyrcanian ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…velutinum trees in the Hyrcanian forests, with occasional occurrences in small groups (Mohtashamian et al, 2017;Sagheb-Talebi, 1999). This solitary growth pattern may lead to a small census population size (N) over time and subsequently lower Ne, which could explain the negative F IS observed in the A. velutinum populations (Balloux, 2004).…”

Section: Genetic Diversity and Population Structure In The Hyrcanian ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The A. velutinum is widely distributed across the entire Hyrcanian forests but is also found in the Alazani River Valley in Georgia (Nakhutsrishvili, 2013;Siahkolaee et al, 2017). It is insect-pollinated, can grow 20-40 m high (Fig 2 D-F), and can reach over two meters in diameter (Mohtashamian et al, 2017). It is a sister species of the sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) based on a recent phylogenomic study with their most recent common ancestor (MRCA) younger than 11 Mya (J. .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Phylogeography of Tree Species in the Hyrcanian Forests, Iran by Genome-wide SNPs

Vatanparast,

Madsen,

Sagheb-Talebi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The Hyrcanian forests in Iran are one of the last remaining natural deciduous forests in the world and a UNESCO World Heritage site. We investigated the population genetics of representative indigenous tree species,Acer velutinumBoiss.,Fagus orientalisLipsky, andQuercus castaneifoliaC.A. Mey. in northern Iran and alsoF. orientalispopulations in the Euro-Siberian and Colchic sub-regions in northern Türkiye. We used the double-digest RAD-seq method and genotyped 90 populations and 1,589 individuals across the distribution range of the species. Our analyses yielded 1,347, 2,091, and 8,881 genome-wide SNPs from 28 populations ofA. velutinum, 32 populations ofF. orientalis, and 30Q. castaneifolia, respectively. Our results revealed higher genetic differentiations amongA. velutinumpopulations than those ofF. orientalisandQ. castaneifoliawithin the Hyrcanian forests. The globalFSTvalue was lowest forF. orientalispopulations (0.019) and highest forA. velutinumpopulations (0.12), while theFISvalue was negative forA. velutinum(–0.095). Demographic history analysis indicated a bottleneck during the last glacial maximum for theA. velutinumpopulations with reduced effective population size. The three species showed evidence of population bottlenecks during the Pliocene. Our findings highlight the pronounced genetic divergence amongA. velutinumpopulations in the Hyrcanian forests compared to the other two species, suggesting cryptic speciation. Conversely,F. orientalisandQ. castaneifoliapopulations demonstrated a reduced level of genetic structure, indicating that species-specific factors, such as pollen production and pollination efficiency, may have influenced the genetic patterns within these species in similar environments. We did not observe significant elevational genetic differentiation within populations of the studied species. Furthermore, theF. orientalispopulations from Türkiye exhibited a distinct west-east genetic structure and were highly diverged from the IranianF. orientalispopulations.

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Biogeography, distribution and conservation status of maples (Acer L.) in Iran

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Stomatal variations and their position relative to leaf epidermal cells in ten Maple species

Stomatal variations and their position relative to leaf epidermal cells in ten Maple species

Petiole anatomy: a contribution to the taxonomy of Acer L. (Sapindaceae) in Iran

Comparative Phylogeography of Tree Species in the Hyrcanian Forests, Iran by Genome-wide SNPs

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