Biological Agents to Protect Oats Against Diseases in Rightbank Forest Steppe Ukraine

Retman, S.V.; Panchenko, Yu. S.

doi:10.35868/1997-3004.25.50-56

Cited by 2 publications

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“…У певній кліматичній зоні, як правило, переважає один тип ураження, що є найшкідливішим. В Україні найчастіше трапляються фузаріозна і звичайна кореневі гнилі [9].…”

Section: випуск 3 (9) 2023unclassified

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Root rot of winter wheat and peas in short-rotation crop rotations

Voitovyk,

Gentosh,

Krasiuk

et al. 2023

apstp

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Аіm. The research was to establish the influence of fertilization systems and methods of main tillage in short-rotation crop rotation on damage to winter wheat and pea plants by root rot. Methods. Field, analytical and statistical. The research was conducted in 2016–2018 at the experimental fields of the Bila Tserkva’s National Agrarian University according to the following scheme: Factor A. Fertilizer systems. 1. Without the use of fertilizers; 2. Organo-mineral; 3. Mineral. Factor B. Systems of basic tillage. 1. Differentiated (control); 2. Police-nonpolice; 3. Shallow shelfless. Short-rotation crop rotations were studied: crop rotation: alfalfa – winter wheat + white mustard, green manure – sugar beets and sunflower – buckwheat – barley with alfalfa subsowing; grain crops: soybean – winter wheat – sunflower – barley – corn for grain; specialized cereal crops: buckwheat – winter wheat – corn for grain, sunflower – barley – sunflower; row crops: peas – winter wheat – sunflower – corn for grain – sunflower. Results. During crop rotation with an organo-mineral fertilization system in the agrocenosis of winter wheat, the development of root rot was 51.3%, which is 8.7% more compared to the option without fertilizers. In the grain-row crop rotation under the organo-mineral fertilization system, root rot damage was 50%, which is 6.1% less compared to the unfertilized plot. Under the inter-row specialized crop rotation, the damage to winter wheat plants and the development of diseases amounted to 55.4%, which increased by 10.5% compared to the inter-row crop rotation. Affected pea plants by root rot in the flowering phase under shelf-less tillage, the development of the disease was 4.7% higher compared to differentiated tillage. Conclusions. The article presents the results of field studies on the application of fertilization systems and methods of basic tillage to the damage of winter wheat and pea plants by root rot in short-rotational crop rotations in the conditions of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The greatest damage to winter wheat plants by root rot was recorded during the row rotation, the predecessor of which was peas. On average, 32.6–37.6% of wheat plants were affected by the disease in these areas, and the intensity of the disease was 52.4–58.7%. The lowest development of root rots of winter wheat plants (27.4–35.4%) was found in the grain row specialized crop rotation. The smallest development of root rots of winter wheat plants was found under the organo-mineral fertilization system. Shallow cultivation with disc tools to a depth of 10–12 cm caused the highest development of pea root rot. Plowing under peas helped reduce the spread and development of pea root rot.

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Section: випуск 3 (9) 2023unclassified

“…Землеробство, меліорація, ґрунтознавство, агрохімія 21 Землеробство та рослинництво: теорія і практика Випуск 3 (9), 2023…”

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Root rot of winter wheat and peas in short-rotation crop rotations

Voitovyk,

Gentosh,

Krasiuk

et al. 2023

apstp

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“…га) обл. Потенційна врожайність цієї рослини може досягати 5,0-6,0 т/га [2]. Зі зміною ґрунтово-кліматичних умов України з переважанням посухи, в агроценозах вівса дедалі частіше зустрічаються мікроміцети різного спектра дії, які чинять найбільший шкідливий вплив на ослаблені…”

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The formation of a phytopathogenic microbiome as a factor of biological pollution of agrocoenoses of vivas

Beznosko,

Havryliuk,

Mudrak

2023

agro

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The formation of the phytopathogenic microbiome as a factor in the biological contamination of oat agrocenoses is an important research task, the solution of which will make it possible to create ecologically balanced agroecosystems. This will increase their ability to self-regulate the population of micromycetes in order to obtain high-quality and safe oat raw materials. Therefore, the influence of environmental factors (abiotic, biotic, anthropogenic) on the formation of micromycete populations in the oat leaf microbiome under different plant growing technologies was studied. The article presents the results of ecological assessment of oat plant varieties based on indicators of influence on population density, frequency of occurrence, and intensity of sporulation of micromycetes. Vegetative organs of oat plants of Parlamentskyi and Tembr varieties were selected in the following phases: tillering, emergence into tubes and earing. It was determined that climatic conditions, as an abiotic factor, namely an increase in air temperature, frequent droughts, rare but abundant rains, which changed depending on the year of the study, significantly influenced the formation of micromycete populations in the oat leaf microbiome. Plant growing technologies, as an anthropogenic factor, significantly influenced the spectrum of species and their frequency of occurrence in the leaf microbiome of oats of various varieties. Under the organic technology of growing plants, the spectrum of micromycete populations was more diverse, but with a lower frequency of occurrence of species compared to the traditional technology of growing plants. Also, varieties of oat plants, as a biotic factor, thanks to the physiological substances of plants, are able to restrain the spread of micromycete populations in the leaf microbiome of plants or stimulate them. It was found out that with the traditional and organic technology of growing plants in the leaf microbiome of Tembr oat variety, the population density, the frequency of occurrence of micromycete species, and the intensity of sporulation were significantly lower compared to Parlamentskyi oat variety plants. This indicates that the cultivation of oat varieties capable of restraining the formation of micromycete populations at an ecologically safe level will ensure a decrease in the level of biological pollution of agrocenoses and increase the biosafety of plant raw materials

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Biological Agents to Protect Oats Against Diseases in Rightbank Forest Steppe Ukraine

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Root rot of winter wheat and peas in short-rotation crop rotations

Root rot of winter wheat and peas in short-rotation crop rotations

The formation of a phytopathogenic microbiome as a factor of biological pollution of agrocoenoses of vivas

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