Biological Assay for Compost Quality

Emino, E. R.; Warman, P. R.

doi:10.1080/1065657x.2004.10702203

Cited by 171 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For sites T1 and T2, a slight inhibitory effect was found with mean GI values of 83.6% and 85.0%, respectively. However, according to Emino and Warman (2004), GI values above 80% suggest no phytotoxicity. There are many factors that might have an impact on this plant response.…”

Section: Sediment Phytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest for hazard evaluation of sediments in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems

Czerniawska-Kusza

Kusza

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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The applicability of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest for toxicity assessment of sediments in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems was evaluated. Sediments were collected from Turawa dam reservoir (southwestern Poland) which, for years, has been subjected to a marked nutrient enrichment and heavy metal contamination. The test plant species were exposed to whole sediments, solid phases of sediments, and pore waters. Phytotoxicity was estimated on the basis of seed germination and root elongation measurements, combined into an overall germination index (GI). For pore waters, the majority of GI values were not statistically different from the controls, which was consistent with chemical data. For solid phases and whole sediments, GI values showed diversified effects ranging from growth stimulation to growth inhibition. The results obtained vary depending on the plant species and the type of sediment samples. Generally, tests with solid phases of sediments showed phytostimulation, suggesting that higher amount of nutrients adsorbed on organic matterrich sediments might conceal the inhibitory impact of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and I. Czerniawska-Kusza (B) · G. Kusza

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Section: Sediment Phytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest for hazard evaluation of sediments in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems

Czerniawska-Kusza

Kusza

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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“…The GI in all cases was >50%, where this value was used as a limit in bioassays toxicity [32]. There were no negative effects on root elongation (with an average of 65.26 ± 8.92 mm), which indicate that there were no phytotoxic effects on root development.…”

Section: Phytotoxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 91%

Development of a Biochar-Plant-Extract-Based Nitrification Inhibitor and Its Application in Field Conditions

et al. 2015

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Abstract:The global use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has increased 10-fold in the last fifty years, resulting in increased N losses via nitrate leaching to groundwater bodies or from gaseous emissions to the atmosphere. One of the biggest problems farmers face in agricultural production systems is the loss of N. In this context, novel biological nitrification inhibitors (BNI) using biochar (BC) as a renewable matrix to increase N use efficiency, by reducing nitrification rates, have been evaluated. The chemical and morphological characteristics of BC were analyzed and BC-BNI complexes were formulated using plant extracts from pine (Pinus radiata), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and peumo (Cryptocarya alba). In field experiments, fertilizer and treatments, based on crude plant extracts and BC-BNI complexes, were applied and the effect on nitrification was periodically monitored, and at the laboratory level, a phytotoxicity assay was performed. The OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 13586 biochar-peumo (BCPe) complex showed the highest nitrification inhibition (66%) on day 60 after application compared with the crude plant extract, suggesting that BCPe complex protects the BNI against biotic or abiotic factors, and therefore BC-BNI complexes could increase the persistence of biological nitrification inhibitors. None of the biochar complexes had toxic effect on radish plants.

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“…With the data obtained the GI (%) was calculated which served as a standard to evaluate the toxicity from a substance to a plant. When the values of this index are lower than 50 %, it is considered that the substance generates high phytotoxicity on the evaluated plant (Emino & Warman 2004).…”

Section: Determination Of Index Germination Of Lactuca Sativamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When GI values are less than 50 %, it is considered that the substance generates high phytotoxicity on the plant model (Emino & Warman 2004).…”

Section: Kinetic Models Equations Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial removal and detoxification of Malachite Green and Crystal Violet from laboratory artificially contaminated water by Pleurotus ostreatus

et al. 2016

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The triphenylmethane Malachite Green (MG) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes are cationic dyes and mix with domestic wastewater when dumped; increasing, among others, the chemical and biological oxygen demand and can cause acute toxicity at different trophic levels. Promoting the removal (decolorization) of MG and CV, and laccase activity (54.8 ± 8.9 and 30.6 ± 2.9 UL -1 respectively) by using P. ostreatus viable biomass needed parameters such as pH (4.5 and 6.0), temperature ). In adsorption studies, it was showed that an acidic pH favors the adsorption of both dyes and the model of pseudo-second order describes best the phenomenon of adsorption. Finally, the germination index (GI), using Lactuca sativa seeds for the initial dyes solutions, was < 50%; demonstrating its high phytotoxic effect. When dye solutions were treated with viable biomass, the GI increased, leaving open the possibility to perform future research to determine if the aqueous solutions, post-treated with P. ostreatus, could be used in treatments that generate less toxic water which could be used in processes that do not require potable water.

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Biological Assay for Compost Quality

Cited by 171 publications

References 7 publications

The potential of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest for hazard evaluation of sediments in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems

The potential of the Phytotoxkit microbiotest for hazard evaluation of sediments in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems

Development of a Biochar-Plant-Extract-Based Nitrification Inhibitor and Its Application in Field Conditions

Partial removal and detoxification of Malachite Green and Crystal Violet from laboratory artificially contaminated water by Pleurotus ostreatus

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