Biology, Yield loss and Control of Sclerotinia Stem Rot of Soybean

Peltier, A. J.; Bradley, Carl A.; Chilvers, Martin I.; Malvick, Dean; Mueller, Daren S.; Wise, Kiersten; Esker, Paul D.

doi:10.1603/ipm11033

Cited by 128 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It affects over 400 plant species worldwide, including important agronomic crops such as soybean, and causes the disease called white mold HALL, 1994;SAHARAN;MEHTA, 2008). White mold epidemics in soybean may reduce yield by more than 40% when conditions are favorable, such as long rainy periods and cool temperatures (PELTIER et al, 2012;HENNEBERG et al, 2012;JACCOUD FILHO et al, 2014). The fungus produces a resistant structure (sclerotium), which allows the fungus to survive in soil for up to five years (ADAMS; AYERS, 1979;STEADMAN, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different methods of assessing susceptibility of soybean genotypes to white mold

Hüller¹,

Filho²,

Pierre³

et al. 2016

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:White mold caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an important disease in relation to soybean. The use of less susceptible genotypes can be a productive strategy in the management of this disease, and the development of an appropriate methodology for soybean inoculation is useful for the differentiation of disease-resistant genotypes. The present study aimed to assess the susceptibility of 77 soybean genotypes based on their reaction to oxalic acid, as well as to determine correlations between three traditional disease assay methods (detached leaf, non-wounded stem and straw tests) and the results of the oxalic acid assay. Oxalic acid susceptibility was assessed by using a wilting score scale. For the other methods, the severity of disease symptoms was assessed. To compare methodologies, the values obtained for the genotypes using each method were categorized into classes, and a severity index was used to represent individuals within each class. All the methods used were efficient for the differentiation of soybean genotypes in terms of susceptibility to S. sclerotiorum; however, the behavior of the genotypes depended on the inoculation method adopted. Even though no significant relationship was identified between the severities of the damage resulting from the methodologies, the rankings acquired from the methods strongly agreed. The oxalic acid method was the most rapid, the least laborious, and was the cheapest compared with the other methods that were used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different methods of assessing susceptibility of soybean genotypes to white mold

Hüller¹,

Filho²,

Pierre³

et al. 2016

Biosci. J.

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“…de Bary is one of the most devastating and widespread fungal pathogens, affecting over 400 plant species worldwide. It is well known as the cause of white mold, a disease of economic concern to soybean (Glycine max) production that can reduce yield by as much as 40 % when weather conditions are favorable, such as rainy seasons and mild temperatures (Boland and Hall, 1994;Saharan and Mehta, 2008;Peltier et al, 2012). The fungus produces a resistant structure (sclerotium) that allows it to survive in the soil for up to five years (Adams and Ayers, 1979;Steadman, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid PCR-based assay for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum detection on soybean seeds

Grabicoski

Filho

Pileggi

et al. 2015

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, white mold is an important seed-transmitted disease of soybean (Glycine max). Incubation-based methods available for the detection and quantification of seed-borne inoculum such as the blotter test, paper roll and Neon-S assay are time-consuming, laborious, and not always sensitive. In this study, we developed and evaluated a molecular assay for the detection of S. sclerotiorum in soybean seeds using a species-specific PCR (polymerase chain reaction) primer set and seed soaking (without DNA extraction) for up to 72 h. The PCR products were amplified in all the samples infected with the pathogen, but not in the other samples of plant material or the other seed-borne fungi DNA.The minimum amount of DNA detected was 10 pg, or one artificially infested seed in a 400-seed sample (0.25 % fungal incidence) and one naturally infected seed in a 300-seed sample (0.33 % incidence). The PCR-based assay was rapid (< 9 h), did not require DNA extraction and was very sensitive.

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“…Sclerotia of the white mold fungus remain viable in the soil for several years (Boland and Hall 1994), since complete degeneration of sclerotia requires multiple seasons, depending on the moisture and biological activity of the soil. Integrated approaches involving variety selection, row spacing, chemical control, tillage, crop rotation, canopy management, weed control, cover crop, irrigation management, and biological control have been reported to reduce yield losses from the disease Navi 2006, 2009;Esker, Peltier, Bradley, Chilvers, Malvick, Mueller, and Wise 2011;Peltier, Bradley, Chilvers, Malvick, Mueller, Wise, and Esker 2012). The biocontrol approach has recently been demonstrated to be effective for reducing disease severity and degenerating S. sclerotiorum sclerotia in Iowa fields .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of colonisation by different strains ofConiothyrium minitanson the viability of sclerotia ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum

Lan

Navi

Yang

2014

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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White mold is a major disease in commercial soybean production. An effective measure to reduce the negative effects of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is the use of bio-fungicides. Strains of Coniothyrium minitans were isolated and efficacy tests against S. sclerotiorum was studied. The efficacy of pycnidiospores sprays of strain N09 (GenBank Accession No HQ908274) from Iowa, United States and strain CON/M/91-08 of Contans® WG were compared in a series of experiments. Sclerotia viability was significantly (P<0.05) lower in both sclerotia-infestedsterilized-soils (SISS) and unsterilized-soils (SIUS) sprayed with N09 compared with CON/M/91-08 and control at 3˚C for 75d and 90d sampling. Similarly, sclerotia viability was significantly (P<0.05) lower at 23˚C for 45, 60, and 75d sampling in SISS and 45, 75 and 90 d 2 sampling in SIUS compared with CON/M/91-08 and control. In contrast, viability of N09 colonies were significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of CON/M/91-08 both at 3˚C and 23˚C in SISS across sampling periods. While in SIUS, N09 colonies were significantly higher at 3˚C for 15, 30, 45, 75 and 90 d sampling, and at 23˚C for 30, 60 and 75 d sampling. Also, (i) N09 had a faster growth rate and produced 1.5 times more pycnidiospores than CON/M/91-08, (ii) mycoparasitism by N09 was faster than CON/M/91-08 and (iii) co-inoculation of sclerotia and the strains, N09 showed lower sclerotia reproduction than CON/M/91-08. Our data suggest that the new strain N09 has a greater efficiency than CON/M/91-08 in killing sclerotia.

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Biology, Yield loss and Control of Sclerotinia Stem Rot of Soybean

Cited by 128 publications

References 35 publications

Different methods of assessing susceptibility of soybean genotypes to white mold

Different methods of assessing susceptibility of soybean genotypes to white mold

Rapid PCR-based assay for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum detection on soybean seeds

Effects of colonisation by different strains ofConiothyrium minitanson the viability of sclerotia ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum

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