Biomarkers as predictive tools to test the in vivo anti-sarcoptic mange activity of propolis in naturally infested rabbits

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the use of specific biomarkers, such as albumin, serum total protein, aspartate amino transferase (AST), globulin, alanine amino transferase (ALT), serum cortisol and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as predictive tools for sarcoptic mange in rabbits. A total of 40 naturally infested rabbits were equally divided into four groups.Thirty infested rabbits were administered with three different treatments (propolis,ivermectin, and propolis with ivermectin) and were compared to10 infested un-treated rabbits. The impact of treatment was assessed via microscopic examination of skin scrapings, clinical signs, and blood measurements relating to the liver. The present study demonstrated that topical application of 10% propolis ointment resulted in complete recovery from clinical signs and complete absence of mites based on microscopic examination after 10–15 days of treatment. Moreover, AST, ALP, ALT, and cortisol were determined to be acceptable biomarkers to track the response of diseased rabbits to the therapeutic use of propolis.

A Comparative pharmacological study on moxidectin and propolis ointment in rabbits naturally infested with Psoroptes cuniculi

“…This was indicated in the current research as well as previous researches by the prominent hyperglobulinemia and subordinate hyperproteinemia and decreased A/G ratio detected in DG at 0 th day (14,15). Whereas, the presence of the ear mites with their irritating effect and antigenic proteins stimulate various immune proteins synthesis (immuoglobulins) in order to control the infestation and protect the host (14,15). The hypoglobulinemia and hypoproteinemia recorded later in DG were attributed to the disease development and subsequent anorexia and shortage of the available amino acids which are the basic units of protein synthesis (14,15).…”

“…In addition, it affects critically on the proteinogram of the diseased rabbits. This was indicated in the current research as well as previous researches by the prominent hyperglobulinemia and subordinate hyperproteinemia and decreased A/G ratio detected in DG at 0 th day (14,15). Whereas, the presence of the ear mites with their irritating effect and antigenic proteins stimulate various immune proteins synthesis (immuoglobulins) in order to control the infestation and protect the host (14,15).…”

“…Whereas, the presence of the ear mites with their irritating effect and antigenic proteins stimulate various immune proteins synthesis (immuoglobulins) in order to control the infestation and protect the host (14,15). The hypoglobulinemia and hypoproteinemia recorded later in DG were attributed to the disease development and subsequent anorexia and shortage of the available amino acids which are the basic units of protein synthesis (14,15). A corresponding hypoalbuminemia was noted in DG along the experiment, as the host body gives the priority for the immune protein synthesis on expanse of any other proteins (14)(15)(16).…”

“…The hypoglobulinemia and hypoproteinemia recorded later in DG were attributed to the disease development and subsequent anorexia and shortage of the available amino acids which are the basic units of protein synthesis (14,15). A corresponding hypoalbuminemia was noted in DG along the experiment, as the host body gives the priority for the immune protein synthesis on expanse of any other proteins (14)(15)(16). No doubt, this fluctuation between albumin and globulin levels resulted in shifting A/G from decline at 7 th day to increase at 14 th and 21 st day in DG.…”

The Efficacy of Enteromorpha intestinalis and Cladophora crispata Extracts against Sarcoptic Mange In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Further research on the treatment of sarcoptic mange using natural and herbal elements are required. 37 To our knowledge, no previous studies have used algal extracts for the management of sarcoptic mange and against S. scabiei var. cuniculi mites, although many studies have used plant materials for the management of sarcoptic mange in rabbits as an alternative treatment.…”