Biomarkers based on multiplatform comprehensive analysis: A systematic analysis of Geng‐Nian‐Shu in perimenopausal syndrome

Abstract

Although Geng-Nian-Shu has been shown to be clinically effective in perimenopausal syndrome, its active components and mechanism have not yet been elucidated. To demonstrate the mechanism-based biomarkers of Geng-Nian-Shu in treating perimenopausal syndrome, a total of 135 chemical constituents including 52 prototype blood constituents were identified via high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight/mass spectrometry. Then, network pharmacology showed significant enrichment for the PhosphoInositide-3 Kinase/Akt pathway, suggesting that it may be the main regulatory pathway for the Geng-Nian-Shu treatment of the perimenopausal syndrome. Subsequently, multivariate analysis was performed between the Geng-Nian-Shu sham-treated and Geng-Nian-Shu ovariectomy-treated groups and further screened out 18 prototype blood constituents by correlation analysis with plasma estrogen levels to identify potential biomarkers associated with Geng-Nian-Shu treat the ovariectomy-induced perimenopausal syndrome. Finally, the results of pharmacological experimental verification and Pearson correlation analysis indicated that catalpol, ligustilide, paeoniflorin, and gallic acid were selected as biomarkers of Geng-Nian-Shu which were strongly and positively correlated with PhosphoInositide-3 Kinase/Akt signaling pathway. In this study, based on highperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight/mass spectrometry combined with pharmacodynamics, network pharmacology, pharmacology, and other disciplines, we explored the effects and mechanisms of Geng-Nian-Shu in the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome at multiple levels. Using multiplatform technology to investigate the role of Geng-Nian-Shu represents a new strategy for the selection and verification of biomarkers of Geng-Nian-Shu and provides a basis for further development and utilization of Geng-Nian-Shu.

Metabolomics analysis reveals characteristic metabolites in different levels of oxaliplatin‐induced neurotoxicity

“…As crucial by-products of metabolic pathways, metabolites play a vital role in metabolism. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is characterized by high sensitivity, broad scope, and excellent resolution which holds great potential for identifying disease biomarkers (such as perimenopausal syndrome, Alzheimer's, colorectal cancer, and systemic lupus erythematosus) [24][25][26] and assessing drug-induced toxicity (such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity) [27][28][29]. Consequently, metabolomics enables early prediction of toxicity and aids in uncovering potential toxic mechanisms.…”