Biomarkers for cardiac cachexia: Reality or utopia

Martins, Telma; Vitorino, Rui; Amado, Francisco; Duarte, José Alberto; Ferreira, Rita

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.022

Cited by 16 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…5 Currently, several biomarkers have been studied to help diagnose cardiac cachexia. 9 Muscle wasting is an important component of cachexia. It often precedes cachexia development and may also predict poor outcome in heart failure.…”

Section: Cardiac Cachexia Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Cachexia: Perspectives for Prevention and Treatment

Okoshi¹,

Capalbo²,

Romeiro³

et al. 2016

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cachexia is a prevalent pathological condition associated with chronic heart failure. Its occurrence predicts increased morbidity and mortality independent of important clinical variables such as age, ventricular function, or heart failure functional class. The clinical consequences of cachexia are dependent on both weight loss and systemic inflammation, which accompany cachexia development. Skeletal muscle wasting is an important component of cachexia; it often precedes cachexia development and predicts poor outcome in heart failure. Cachexia clinically affects several organs and systems. It is a multifactorial condition where underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely understood making it difficult to develop specific prevention and treatment therapies. Preventive strategies have largely focused on muscle mass preservation. Different treatment options have been described, mostly in small clinical studies or experimental settings. These include nutritional support, neurohormonal blockade, reducing intestinal bacterial translocation, anemia and iron deficiency treatment, appetite stimulants, immunomodulatory agents, anabolic hormones, and physical exercise regimens. Currently, nonpharmacological therapy such as nutritional support and physical exercise are considered central to cachexia prevention and treatment.

show abstract

Section: Cardiac Cachexia Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac Cachexia: Perspectives for Prevention and Treatment

Okoshi¹,

Capalbo²,

Romeiro³

et al. 2016

Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…82 Ghrelin not only suppresses the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6, but also stimulates the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. 60 In general, the metabolic changes induced by ghrelin lead to an increase not only in body weight and body fat mass, but also in lean tissue mass, the latter possibly mediated by a reduction in myostatin plasma levels. 61 The resistance of HF patients to the effects of appetite-stimulating peptide ghrelin may be one of the contributing factors in the development of CC.…”

Section: Novel Biomarkers For Cardiac Cachexia/cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As individual biomarkers may have limited sensitivity and specificity, multimarker strategies involving mediators of the biological processes modulated by CC may importantly contribute for the diagnosis and management of the disease, as well as for the establishment of new therapeutic targets. 16,60,62 After a brief reminder on biomarkers, which were evaluated in the past (biomarkers of immune activation, metabolic biomarkers, and neurohormonal biomarkers), we will focus in this review on the analysis of the emerging biomarkers for CC/cachexia/sarcopenia proposed recently (Table 1), briefly highlighting the biological processes to which they are related.…”

Section: Emerging Biomarkers Of Cardiac Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,60,65 CC is related to increased circulating levels of TNF-α 66,67 , which are involved in the activation of catabolic pathways, in particular of NF-κβ signaling that up-regulates the transcription of members of the proteolytic UPP. 16 …”

Section: Biomarkers Of Immune Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[60][61][62] Currently, wasting assessment is limited only to quantification of muscle mass based on imaging and functional tests to quantify muscle function. However, all are expensive and only available at medical centers equipped to do so.…”

Section: Emerging Biomarkers Of Cardiac Cachexiamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cardiac cachexia: hic et nunc

Loncar

Springer

Anker

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure and beyond: update 2017

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and muscle function) is a strong predictor of frailty, disability and mortality in older persons and may also occur in obese subjects. The prevalence of sarcopenia is increased in patients suffering from chronic heart failure. However, there are currently few therapy options. The main intervention is resistance exercise, either alone or in combination with nutritional support, which seems to enhance the beneficial effects of training. Also, testosterone has been shown to increased muscle power and function; however, a possible limitation is the side effects of testosterone. Other investigational drugs include selective androgen receptor modulators, growth hormone, IGF‐1, compounds targeting myostatin signaling, which have their own set of side effects. There are abundant prospective targets for improving muscle function in the elderly with or without chronic heart failure, and the continuing development of new treatment strategies and compounds for sarcopenia and cardiac cachexia makes this field an exciting one.

show abstract

Biomarkers for cardiac cachexia: Reality or utopia

Cited by 16 publications

References 88 publications

Cardiac Cachexia: Perspectives for Prevention and Treatment

Cardiac Cachexia: Perspectives for Prevention and Treatment

Cardiac cachexia: hic et nunc

Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure and beyond: update 2017

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About