Biomarkers for Environmental Exposure

Gallagher, Jane; Hubal, Elaine A. Cohen; Edwards, Stephen A.

doi:10.1002/9780470918562.ch20

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the defined mechanisms underlying the association between air particles and an increased risk of respiratory symptoms are still unclear. Inflammatory response is connoted as a biologic tool that links air particles with health effects [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is always assumed that biomarkers levels measured are at a constant level in the body and biomarkers are most responsive to the latest detrimental exposures [ 9 ]. It is also important for the biomarkers to have sufficient sensitivity to be detected in giving information to link environmental exposure and health outcomes [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the last two decades, biomarkers have been utilized in environmental health fields to improve exposure assessment and to learn the related diseases mechanisms. Biomarker is an entity in which organisms show the functionality of a biological organism in a variety of biological processes involved in life [ 4 ]. This review article is written to delve into the assumption that biomarkers are useful in linking harmful air particles levels to increased respiratory health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarker as a Research Tool in Linking Exposure to Air Particles and Respiratory Health

Suhaimi

Jalaludin

2015

BioMed Research International

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Some of the environmental toxicants from air pollution include particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ultrafine particles (UFP). Both short- and long-term exposure could result in various degrees of respiratory health outcomes among exposed persons, which rely on the individuals' health status. Methods. In this paper, we highlight a review of the studies that have used biomarkers to understand the association between air particles exposure and the development of respiratory problems resulting from the damage in the respiratory system. Data from previous epidemiological studies relevant to the application of biomarkers in respiratory system damage reported from exposure to air particles are also summarized. Results. Based on these analyses, the findings agree with the hypothesis that biomarkers are relevant in linking harmful air particles concentrations to increased respiratory health effects. Biomarkers are used in epidemiological studies to provide an understanding of the mechanisms that follow airborne particles exposure in the airway. However, application of biomarkers in epidemiological studies of health effects caused by air particles in both environmental and occupational health is inchoate. Conclusion. Biomarkers unravel the complexity of the connection between exposure to air particles and respiratory health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarker as a Research Tool in Linking Exposure to Air Particles and Respiratory Health

Suhaimi

Jalaludin

2015

BioMed Research International

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“…In this sense, we can emphasize the study of [23], which proposes metrics for the environment, health and sustainability of 50 U.S. cities and showed clear interconnections between these and sociodemographic factors. Hu [24] studied the relationships between sustainability and competitiveness in Australian cities showing that urban progress is clearly associated with an environmental cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Effects of Environmental and Social Dimensions of Sustainability in Response to the Economic Crisis of European Cities

2015

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Abstract:The concept of sustainable development, which has emerged over the last few decades, has moved away from the global to the local level. The sustainability measurements at the global level use the triple bottom line, considering environmental, economic and social dimensions; however, the limited data available at the local level has driven what little research there is to use these optics when considering cities sustainability. In this paper, we use a sustainability city index based on the intellectual capital approach, which considers the three dimensions for European cities. Concretely, we use the environmental and social dimensions of this city index to analyze the effect of different levels of development in terms of sustainability over the main economic variables with available information. The results highlight the importance of the social and environmental dimensions of sustainability in cities economic recovery and show that cities with best positions in sustainability have better performance in economic terms.

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“…The dramatic increase in our ability to measure chemical biomarkers in bodily fluids and tissues has, however, not been met with a commensurate body of knowledge on what these exposures mean for population and individual health. Substantial effort has been, and is currently being, directed towards better understanding the health impacts of exposures, yet many questions remain unanswered (Boogaard 2007; Gallagher et al. 2010; National Research Council 2006).…”

Section: Human Biomonitoring: a Brief Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Significance of Human Biomonitoring

Washburn

2013

Sociology Compass

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Over the past few decades, developments in analytical chemistry have made it possible to measure low-level chemical exposures in human fluids and tissues through a process called human biomonitoring. Recent biomonitoring data suggest that humans are exposed to a wide variety of naturally occurring and synthetic environmental chemicals ranging from pesticides and plasticizers to flameretardants. These data have provoked new questions about the safety of many environmental chemicals and the adequacy of environmental regulations. Biomonitoring has also attracted the attention of social scientists and scholars in the humanities, resulting in a small but growing body of literature that examines the social impacts of this technique in the contexts of environmental advocacy and environmental justice efforts, chemical regulation and toxic torts, and studies that provide research participants with personal exposure data. Some work also addresses how biomonitoring data are reshaping notions of the body and its ties to historic and contemporary economic and political processes. This paper shows that while there is agreement that biomonitoring data provide novel information about the relationships between bodies and environments, there is debate about the extent to which this information will be used to advance environmental justice and the adoption of more precautionary chemical policies.

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Biomarkers for Environmental Exposure

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Biomarker as a Research Tool in Linking Exposure to Air Particles and Respiratory Health

Biomarker as a Research Tool in Linking Exposure to Air Particles and Respiratory Health

The Effects of Environmental and Social Dimensions of Sustainability in Response to the Economic Crisis of European Cities

The Social Significance of Human Biomonitoring

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