Biomarkers in primary open angle glaucoma

Kokotas, Haris; Kroupis, Christos; Chiras, Dimitrios; Grigoriadou, Maria; Lamnissou, Klea; Petersen, Michael B.; Kitsos, George

doi:10.1515/cclm-2012-0048

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Elevated IOP is the most commonly identified ocular risk factor in the development of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, and trabecular meshwork cells play an important role in the regulation of aqueous outflow and IOP. Although IOP is the only treatable risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy, including XFG, there is little doubt that other factors play a role 140,141 . Interestingly, some patients acquire damage before they suffer from an increase in IOP.…”

Section: Contribution Of Oxidation Stress In Xfg Pathobiology and Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in dry age-related macular degeneration and exfoliation syndrome

Chiras

Kitsos

Petersen

et al. 2014

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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Oxidative stress refers to cellular or molecular damage caused by reactive oxygen species, which especially occurs in age-related conditions as a result of an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defense response. Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and exfoliation syndrome (XFS) are two common and complex age-related conditions that can cause irreversible vision loss. Two subtypes of AMD, which is the leading cause of blindness in the Western world, exist: the most prevalent dry type and the most severe wet type. Early dry AMD is characterized by formation of drusen, which are sub-retinal deposits, in the macular area and may progress to geographic atrophy with more dramatic manifestation. XFS is a systemic disorder of the extracellular matrix characterized by the accumulation of elastic fibrils that leads, in most cases, to glaucoma development with progressive and irreversible vision loss. Due to the aging population, the prevalence of these already-widespread conditions is increasing and is resulting in significant economic and psychological costs for individuals and for society. The exact composition of the abnormal drusen and XFS material as well as the mechanisms responsible for their production and accumulation still remain elusive, and consequently treatment for both diseases is lacking. However, recent epidemiologic, genetic and molecular studies support a major role for oxidative stress in both dry AMD and XFS development. Understanding the early molecular events in their pathogenesis and the exact role of oxidative stress may provide novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention for the prevention of progression to advanced disease.

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Section: Contribution Of Oxidation Stress In Xfg Pathobiology and Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative stress in dry age-related macular degeneration and exfoliation syndrome

Chiras

Kitsos

Petersen

et al. 2014

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences

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“…The etiology of this disease is poorly understood. While there are obvious ocular biomarkers for POAG, such as optic nerve head excavation, neuroretinal rim erosion, and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), 1 and recent studies have identified genetic loci that alter the risk of POAG and glaucoma-related traits, 2 there are no established systemic biomarkers. The ultimate goal for a better understanding of POAG etiology and improved POAG screening is to identify biomarkers for pathogenic factors that precede IOP elevation and optic neuropathy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nailfold Capillary Abnormalities in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Multisite Study

Pasquale

Hanyuda

Ren

et al. 2015

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. There is considerable evidence for systemic vascular dysfunction in primary openangle glaucoma (POAG). We performed nailfold capillary video microscopy to observe directly the nature of nonocular microvasculature abnormalities in POAG. METHODS.We enrolled 199 POAG patients and 124 control subjects from four sites. We used JH-1004 capillaroscopes to perform nailfold capillary video microscopy on the fourth and fifth digits of each subject's nondominant hand. Videos were evaluated for hemorrhages, dilated capillary loops > 50 lm, and avascular zones > 100 lm by graders masked to case status. Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for POAG were obtained by means of logistic regression analyses that were applied to data from all cases and controls. Corresponding estimates of moderate or severe POAG versus mild POAG (based on the Hodapp-Anderson-Parrish scale) were obtained among cases only. RESULTS.After controlling for demographic factors, family history of glaucoma, systemic diseases, and use of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy, for each 100 nailfold capillaries assessed, all types of microvascular abnormalities were significantly associated with POAG. Specifically, the presence of any dilated capillaries (OR ¼ 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6-5.6), avascular zones (OR ¼ 4.4; 95% CI, 1.7-11.3) and hemorrhages (OR ¼ 12.2; 95% CI, 5.9-25.1) were associated with POAG. Among cases, the frequency of microvascular abnormalities was not associated with glaucoma severity (P ‡ 0.43).CONCLUSIONS. These data provided support for nonocular capillary bed abnormalities in POAG. Comparable vascular abnormalities in the optic nerve may render it susceptible to glaucomatous damage.

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“…There were significantly elevated levels of Hepcidin (HEPC) and Cystatin C (CYTC), two candidate biomarkers previously identified in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). 8 …”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic analysis of elevated intraocular pressure with retinal detachment

Vélez

Roybal

Binkley

et al. 2017

American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports

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Purpose To report a case of elevated intraocular pressure with retinal detachment. Observations Liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry was performed on the patient aqueous biopsy. Protein levels were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and unbiased clustering. High levels of rod outer segment proteins were not detected, suggesting that this was not a case of Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome. Instead, elevated levels of Hepcidin (HEPC) and Cystatin C (CYTC; candidate biomarkers for primary open angle glaucoma) were detected, suggesting a different, unknown etiology. Conclusions and importance Molecular diagnoses can differentiate between clinical diagnoses and point to common biomarkers or disease mechanisms.

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Biomarkers in primary open angle glaucoma

Cited by 22 publications

References 103 publications

Oxidative stress in dry age-related macular degeneration and exfoliation syndrome

Oxidative stress in dry age-related macular degeneration and exfoliation syndrome

Nailfold Capillary Abnormalities in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Multisite Study

Proteomic analysis of elevated intraocular pressure with retinal detachment

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