Biomass allocation and phenotypic plasticity are key elements of successful invasion of Parthenium hysterophorus at high elevation

Rathee, Sonia; Ahmad, Mustaqeem; Sharma, Padma; Singh, Harminder Pal; Batish, Daizy R.; Kaur, Shalinder; Kaur, Amarpreet; Yadav, Surender Singh; Kohli, R. K.

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104392

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The present study depicted clear and significant variations in vegetative and reproductive PFT's across the altitudinal gradient in X. strumarium except for the ratio of NC/NF. Many other studies on invasive plants also revealed a similar pattern of AGPH/P, RL/P, and seed mass variation was observed by Rathee et al ( 2021 ) in Parthenium hysterophorus and dimension of the flower by Hattori et al ( 2016 ) in member of family Balsaminaceae ( Impatiens textori Miq.). Similarly, Yaqoob and Nawchoo ( 2017 ) reported the growth dynamic of Ferula jaeschkeana Vatke.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Which factor explains the life‐history of Xanthium strumarium L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

2022

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Invasive biology acknowledges the concept of better performance by invasive plants in the introduced range. Xanthium strumarium L. is one of the successful invasive species in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The phenological pattern, vegetative and reproductive traits plasticity analysis of the species was explored to explain the invasive success across the altitudinal gradient in the current invaded habitats. Phenological patterns and timing (seedling, vegetative growth, flowering and fruiting, drying, and seed bank) were observed during a full year for two seasons. We also examine plant functional traits at altitudes of 500, 1000, and 1500 m a.s.l. to assess traits and biomass variations. The X. strumarium exhibits late vegetative and reproductive phenology at higher altitudes, enabling them to occupy an empty niche and benefit from decreased competition for resource acquisition. The lower altitude plants show a higher growth rate (stem size increase, number of leaves, and leaf area) due to the higher nutrient availability. Higher altitude plants have the highest reproductive biomass and biomass ratio revealing plant abilities to be reproductively adapted in the higher altitudes. Among climatic variables, mean yearly temperature, mean annual yearly humidity, and mean day length in hours, while in soil variables, organic matter and nitrogen percentage significantly affect the phenological and morphological stages. Therefore, we conclude that X. strumarium can invade higher altitudes with a shift in its phenological and morphological changes making the invasion process successful.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Which factor explains the life‐history of Xanthium strumarium L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

2022

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“…Thus, management of ecosystems aimed at preventing the spread of invasive species should take plasticity and, specifically, the critical cost of plasticity into account [77,78,79]. This will be particularly important for mitigating potentially elevated risks of biological invasions associated with climate change [77,80].…”

Section: Applications To Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of phenotypic plasticity in the establishment of range margins

Eriksson

Rafajlović

2021

Preprint

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It has been argued that adaptive phenotypic plasticity may facilitate range expansions over spatially and temporally variable environments. However, plasticity may induce fitness costs. This may hinder the evolution of plasticity. Earlier modelling studies examined the role of plasticity during range expansions of populations with fixed genetic variance. However, genetic variance evolves in natural populations. This may critically alter model outcomes. We ask: How does the capacity for plasticity in populations with evolving genetic variance alter range margins that populations without the capacity for plasticity are expected to attain? We answered this question using computer simulations and analytical approximations. We found a critical plasticity cost above which the capacity for plasticity has no impact on the expected range of the population. Below the critical cost, by contrast, plasticity facilitates range expansion, extending the range in comparison to that expected for populations without plasticity. We further found that populations may evolve plasticity to buffer temporal environmental fluctuations, but only when the plasticity cost is below the critical cost. Thus, the cost of plasticity is a key factor involved in range expansions of populations with the potential to express plastic response in the adaptive trait.

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“…Fig. 1 The multitude of ecosystem services associated with abiotic/biotic complexities of environment, essential for the sustenance of human life, well-being, and livelihood in the Anthropocene phenotypic plasticity (Blumenthal 2006;Blumenthal et al 2016;Pinzone et al 2018;Pyšek et al 2020;Wang et al 2020;Rathee et al 2021;Allen et al 2021). Nonetheless, these mechanisms may be species/habitat specific in triggering the IAPs spread and environmental degradation.…”

Section: Physico-chemical and Allelochemic Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, these mechanisms may be species/habitat specific in triggering the IAPs spread and environmental degradation. The rapid pace of IAPs infestation in the Anthropocene perturbed the biotic and abiotic components of the environment (El-Barougy et al 2021;Rathee et al 2021). To this end, the IAPs have driven the environmental degradation by changing nutrient and pollutant cycling, habitat structure, microbial diversity; hydro-morphology, soil chemistry, water and disturbance regimes (Pyšek et al 2020;Qu et al 2021).…”

Section: Physico-chemical and Allelochemic Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adaptability to grow in an environment with spatio-temporal heterogeneity, strong clonal ability, and efficient utilization of resources (e.g., nutrients) can facilitate the IAPs success over the native biodiversity (Wang et al 2021). In this aspect, study on Parthenium hysterophorus in Himalayan mountain ecosystems revealed the role of phenotypic plasticity, reproductive fitness (e.g., large number of heavier but small-sized seeds), and biomass allocation in the spread of this IAP (Rathee et al 2021). Further, the adverse effects of IAPs on indigenous or native biodiversity are further exacerbated under the event of high global deforestation rate i.e., 13 million ha −1 (Chazdon 2008) and climate change (Pyšek et al 2020).…”

Section: Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Degradation by Invasive Alien Plants in the Anthropocene: Challenges and Prospects for Sustainable Restoration

Kumar

2021

Anthr. Sci.

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Biodiversity, soil, air, and water are the vital life-supporting systems of this planet Earth. However, the deliberate and accidental introduction of invasive alien plants (IAPs) in the Anthropocene majorly due to the global international trade perturbed the homeostasis of our biosphere. IAPs are considered as one of the major drivers of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. The pervasive threats of IAPs to environmental sustainability and biosecurity are further exacerbated under the COVID-19 pandemic. The environmental disturbances resulting from IAPs can be attributed to several mechanisms/ hypothesis (e.g., novel weapon (NW), enemy release (ER), and evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA), efficient reproductive attributes, and phenotypic plasticity, etc.) deployed by IAPs. Nevertheless, the interrelationship of IAPs with environmental degradation and restoration remain elusive especially in terms of ecological sustainability. Moreover, there is a dearth of studies which empirically assess the synergies of IAPs spread with other anthropogenic disturbances such as climate and land-use change. In this context, the present review is aimed to depict the impacts of IAPs on environment and also to assess their role as drivers of ecosystem degradation. The restoration prospects targeted to revitalize the associated abiotic (soil and water) and biotic environment (biodiversity) are also discussed in detail. Furthermore, the effects of IAPs on socio-economy, livelihood, and plant-soil microbe interactions are emphasized. On the other hand, the ecosystem services of IAPs such as associated bioresource co-benefits (e.g., bioenergy, phytoremediation, biopolymers, and ethnomedicines) can also be vital in sustainable management prospects. Nevertheless, IAPs-ecological restoration interrelationship needs long-term pragmatic evaluation in terms of ecological economics and ecosystem resilience. The incorporation of 'hybrid technologies', integrating modern scientific information (e.g., 'biorefinery': conversion of IAPs feedstock to produce bioenergy/biopolymers) with traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) can safeguard the environmental sustainability in the Anthropocene. Importantly, the management of IAPs in concert with circular economy principles can remarkably help achieving the target of UN Sustainable Development Goals and UN-Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.

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Biomass allocation and phenotypic plasticity are key elements of successful invasion of Parthenium hysterophorus at high elevation

Cited by 44 publications

References 68 publications

Which factor explains the life‐history of Xanthium strumarium L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

Which factor explains the life‐history of Xanthium strumarium L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

The role of phenotypic plasticity in the establishment of range margins

Environmental Degradation by Invasive Alien Plants in the Anthropocene: Challenges and Prospects for Sustainable Restoration

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