Biomaterials and Biological Parameters for Fixed-Prosthetic Implant-Supported Restorations: A Review Study

Abstract

Because of the increasing use of dental implants, dental practitioners should understand the treatment and nature of peri-implant diseases (PIDs). This disease is a serious problem of dentistry, regarding epidemiology and therapy. Due to the increase in the practice of implantology as well as the increased number of implants placed every year, the rate of PID has widely increased. Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, gingivitis, and periodontitis are common clinical manifestations of the disease. PIDs are caused by chronic inflammatory processes in the tissues around an intraoral implant, with increasing incidence, and have become a health concern. Bacterial infections are involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. The imbalance between the host response and bacterial biofilm results in tissue destruction. New challenges lie in the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of PIDs. The aim of this overview was to focus on the nature of the disease itself, useful diagnostic criteria, common responsible bacteria, and the prosthetic effects of fixed restorations on the health of the periodontium since recognizing the parameters involved in the development of periodontal and PIDs will play a crucial role in preventing the progression and minimizing the complications of these diseases having a fixed prosthesis.

Analysis of subgingival microbiota and IL-1β, TNF-α and CX3CL1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid of fixed dental prostheses

“…It is hypothesized that MZ prostheses, being more biocompatible with the tissues that support the teeth, produce less change in the composition of the subgingival microbiota and thus a decrease in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines compared to PFM prostheses. This of great interest to determine which biomaterial retains less bacteria and induces a lower inflammatory response and thus have a therapeutic alternative that maintains the periodontal health of the individual, considering that a healthy periodontium is the key to the success of a prosthetic treatment 24,25) .…”

6-Month Retrospective Cohort Study On Periodontal Indicators in Immediately Placed and Delayed Implants Following Prosthesis Delivery

“…The first advantage of using implants to replace missing teeth is the preservation of alveolar bone compared to tissue-based mobile restorations 2 . Unlike prostheses and bridges, dental implants remove the consequences of tooth loss around the gum line 3 . If they are taken care of properly, dental implants, unlike removable prostheses that usually need to be replaced after a certain time, can last for the rest of their lives 4 .…”

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“…It is worth to mention that terms of exploring novel medications are very important for the reasons of dealing with several known and unknown diseases, in which several protocols have been always developing to overcome the medical issues [28][29][30]. Not only for the drug related issues, but also several other biomedical applications have been developed during the recent years [31][32][33].…”