Biomechanical analysis of the relation between movement time and joint moment development during a sit-to-stand task

Abstract

Background: Slowness of movement is a factor that may cause a decrease of quality of daily life. Mobility in the elderly and people with movement impairments may be improved by increasing the quickness of fundamental locomotor tasks. Because it has not been revealed how much muscle strength is required to improve quickness, the purpose of this study was to reveal the relation between movement time and the required muscle strength in a sit to stand (STS) task. Previous research found that the sum of the peak hip and knee joint moments was relatively invariant throughout a range of movement patterns (Yoshioka et al., 2007, Biomedical Engineering Online 6:26). The sum of the peak hip and knee joint moment is an appropriate index to evaluate the muscle strength required for an STS task, since the effect of the movement pattern variation can be reduced, that is, the results can be evaluated purely from the viewpoint of the movement times. Therefore, the sum of the peak hip and knee joint moment was used as the index to indicate the required muscle strength.

The minimum required muscle force for a sit-to-stand task

“…vasti of this study was 2192 N ( ¼29.7 N/kg  73.8 kg) and 0.77 times as much as the muscle force revealed by Shelburne and Pandy. Using the relationship between joint moment and movement time (Yoshioka et al, 2009), the difference of the mechanical load between both studies attributed to the movement time (Shelburne and Pandy's study, 0.59 s; this study, 3.78 s) was roughly estimated to be 0.7 times. Considering the difference of the mechanical load, the results of both studies were similar.…”

“…4). Yoshioka et al (2009) revealed that, in the case of a slow sit-to-stand movement lasting more than 2.5 s, the mechanical load on a lower limb joint was equivalent to that in the case of a static condition, since inertial load was negligible. From this finding, it can be said that the mechanical load on a knee joint at the time of initial static squat posture in Finni et al is equivalent to that at the time of buttocks liftoff during a slow sit-to-stand movement.…”

Simulation of Wear in a Spherical Joint With a Polymeric Component of the Total Hip Replacement Considering Activities of Daily Living

“…[12,13], the kinematics of the chair up activity (during standing up from the chair or, in other words, sit-to-stand) was studied, and the kinematics of the chair down, chair up (or stand-to-sit-to-stand) were studied in [14][15][16]. In [17,18], studies are carried out of both kinematics and kinetics for the chair up of large joints of the lower limb. In Refs.…”

Effects of Isometric Upper Limb Contraction on Trunk and Leg Muscles During Sit-to-stand Activity in Healthy Elderly Females

“…It also requires the balance ability to translate the body mass forward and upward from a relatively stable sitting position to the feet. Because of these mechanical demands, elderly people may experience difficulty when standing from a chair (Carr and Shepherd, 2011;Yoshioka et al, 2009). It was found that older adults exhibited a longer execution time than younger adults for executing STS possibly due to the poorer leg muscle strength in elderly adults (Yamada and Demura, 2009).…”