Biomechanical Aspects of Various Attachments for Implant Overdentures: A Review

Abstract

There have been considerable recent technological developments for implant overdenture attachments. This study presents an overview of the biomechanical and biomolecular aspects of various attachments for implant overdenture. Available articles on attachments for implant overdenture were reviewed from January 1980 to August 2021 in the ScienceDirect, MEDLINE/PubMed, and Web of Science resources, and relevant studies were included in this study. We focused on the following topics: attachment systems, retention of various attachments, stress distribution with different attachments, the design and fabrication of attachments, digital techniques in overdenture attachments, and the effects of attachments in peri-implant health. We found that plastic resin is commonly used for ball and bar attachments, whereas nylon resin is commonly used in locator attachments. The locator system offers a valuable attachment option for implant-retained overdenture. Attachment retention reduces while lateral force increases with implant inclination in overdenture. The higher the retention of an overdenture attachment, the higher the transferred stresses. Additionally, clip loading produces more stress in implants and precision elements than bar-retained dentures. As such, we conclude that the ball and locator systems the best overdenture systems due to their superior tissue response, survival rate, and patient satisfaction.

Wear Resistance, Color Stability and Displacement Resistance of Milled PEEK Crowns Compared to Zirconia Crowns under Stimulated Chewing and High-Performance Aging

“…Thus, the steatite balls did not affect the results in this present study, as they had a modulus of elasticity close to the enamel and were used as antagonists in both study groups. In addition, zirconia and PEEK both showed satisfactory results [63][64][65]. Hence, it can be assumed that the properties of these two materials in this study are similar to the materials evaluated from the previous study by Daou [66].…”

Stress Distribution Pattern in Zygomatic Implants Supporting Different Superstructure Materials

“…In the present simulation, the modelling considered the zygoma anatomy-guided approach, considering a ZAGA type II with a combined extra- and intra-sinus path with most of the implant body being located extra-sinusally [ 45 ]. However, other conditions could modify the results presented and should be evaluated further [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ].…”

Effect of Various Retentive Element Materials on Retention of Mandibular Implant-Retained Overdentures

“…The interchangeable nylon inserts are available in different retention values. Nylon has been used due to its elasticity and biocompatibility, but it shows extensive deformation and requires considerable maintenance [20]. There are various commercial attachment systems used in dentistry.…”

“…It contains polyvinylsiloxane (PVS), which is resiliently adapted to the attachments to ensure a resilient position of dentures. This system is considered to be both constantly retentive, easy to remove and economical [20,22]. Therefore, it may be suitable for the elderly people due to its low retentive value [22].…”