Biomedical Applications of Electromagnetic Engineering

Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems

“…Blood is characterized by high water content, while muscle has intermediate water content. Typical values of microwave dielectric constant and conductivity at 37 • C are given in Table 1 for such tissues as fat, muscle and blood [Foster and Schwan 1989;Michaelson and Lin, 1987;Lin, 2004]. It can be seen that there is a modest change in dielectric constant and electrical conductivity as a function of frequency for all the tissues in the spectrum range of most interest to thermoelastic tissue imaging.…”

A K-Band Low-Power Miniaturized Hyperthermia System

“…This is due to the fact that tumor cells have a disorganized and compact vascular structure and therefore have difficulty dissipating heat. As a result, hyperthermia may cause cancerous cells to undergo apoptosis in direct response to applied heat, while healthy cells can more easily maintain a normal temperature [2] . Therefore, through the careful application of heat, cancerous tissue can be destroyed, while leaving the surrounding normal tissue undamaged.…”

Low-cost low-power small-form-factor node for health monitoring wireless multi-hop Personal Area Networks with Dramatically Increased Range

“…The increased life expectancy created the need for reliable real time vital signal monitoring from the comfort of the home, to be transmitted to an Internet database for continuous access of medical personnel. Standard techniques for measurement of ECG signals or body temperature use bulky wires in order to measure the very small currents inside the body [1]. To allow for the flexibility in patient mobility, health monitoring Personal Area Networks have emerged, where autonomous nodes sense biological signals and transmit them through wireless ad hoc multi-hopping networks back to a base station for processing and accurate ECG reporting.…”