Biometrology in Tissue Engineering: Thoughts and Concepts

Abstract

Reproducibility is one of the basic assumptions in scientific experiments. If an experiment cannot be reproducible, its outcome cannot be proved and therefore, cannot be accepted [1]. This point has created great difficulties in biological field, for example, microbiology samples are strongly dependent on their strains, sometimes causing results inconsistency from different research groups using their own strains. In many cases there is mis identification or contamination of the samples. These difficulties are also observed in the field of Tissue Engineering.The expanding field of Tissue Engineering aims to build tissues and organs in vitro from three-dimensional cell culture systems suitable for regeneration, repair and / or replacement of damaged tissue. In order to achieve this goal, cells are cultivated in a threedimensional manner, using scaffold-dependent or scaffold-free strategies [2][3][4][5][6]. The first one is based on the combination of growth factors / genes with cells seeded in natural or synthetic biomaterials, which include ceramics, metal, polymers and decelularized matrices. These biomaterials should create a structural and molecular environment that mimics mechanical, geometrical and biological properties of the native organ in order to support the recipient´s cells [7-9]. The scaffold-free strategy is

Microwave-assisted methacrylation of chitosan for 3D printable hydrogels in tissue engineering

“…Although their consolidated applications, traditional syntheses present many drawbacks; indeed, the heat transfer is usually relatively slow and often hard to control, leading to an inhomogeneous thermal gradient during the process, not completed reaction and formation of side products [8][9][10] . Moreover, local overheating may lead to a product, substrate, and reagent decomposition, affecting one of the most essential properties in tissue engineering, reproducibility 11,12 .…”