Bionic approach to the design of bridge structures. Part 1: Features of the bionic approach in relation to building structures

Abstract

General approaches to the application of bionic approach to the design of building structures, in particular bridge structures are considered. It is shown how the development of bionic design ideas influenced the development of bridge design and how the ideas of bionic design are improved, creating a new language for the future bridge design industry. It is noted that today in Russia the problem of bionic approach in the design of bridges, despite the appearance of a number of works is little studied. Briefly describes the history of the use of the bionic approach in architecture and construction. The possibility of applying the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) when using a bionic approach to design is indicated. A number of examples of bridge structures designed using the bionic approach are given, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Moreover, both stationary bridge structures and living bridges that change their configuration depending on the operating conditions are considered. In conclusion, it is pointed out that, although the topic under study is rather poorly studied in Russia, but this direction is very promising and therefore needs further development.