Bioptic Telescope Use and Driving Patterns of Drivers with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Bowers, Alex R.; Sheldon, Sarah; DeCarlo, Dawn K.; Peli, Eli

doi:10.1167/tvst.5.5.5

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…16 In general, participants spent only 1.6% of total driving time using their bioptic telescope, which is lower than the median estimate of 5% based on bioptic drivers' self-reports in a previous questionnaire study. 20 However, we found that two drivers spent a much higher percentage of driving time (46.1% and 17.8%) using their bioptic telescope. One of these drivers used the telescope briefly but very frequently whereas the other used the telescope less frequently but many bioptic uses were long (median 4.0 seconds).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Bowers et al investigated bioptic telescope use patterns and driving patterns by telephone interview. 19,20 Owsley et al 21 administered a questionnaire to examine whether the telescope was helpful in on-road situations. One limitation of these studies is that self-reports might not always be reliable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, estimating the amount of time spent using a bioptic telescope when driving is not straightforward. Typically, bioptic drivers report that they use the telescope most often for reading road signs and street names, [19][20][21][22] but these self-reports have never been verified by objective recordings of bioptic use behaviors during habitual driving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioptic Telescope Use in Naturalistic Driving by People with Visual Impairment

Wang

Moharrer

Baliutaviciute

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the telescope use behaviors in natural daily driving of people with reduced visual acuity licensed to drive with a bioptic (a small spectacle-mounted telescope). Methods:A large dataset (477 hours) of naturalistic driving was collected from 19 bioptic drivers (visual acuity 20/60 to 20/160 without the telescope). To reduce the data volume, a multiloss 50-layer deep residual neural network (ResNet-50) was used to detect potential bioptic telescope use events. Then, a total of 120 hours of selected video clips were reviewed and annotated in detail. Results:The frequency of looking through their telescopes ranged from 4 to 308 times per hour (median: 27, interquartile range [IQR], 19-75), with each bioptic use lasting median 1.4 seconds (IQR, 1.2-1.8). Thus, participants spent only 1.6% (IQR, 0.7%-3.5%) driving time with their telescopes aiding their vision. Bioptic telescopes were used most often for checking the road ahead (84.8%), followed by looking at traffic lights (5.3%), and reading road signs (4.6%). Conclusions:In daily driving, the bioptic drivers mostly (>98% of driving time) drove under low visual acuity conditions. The bioptic telescope was mainly used for observing road and traffic conditions in the distance for situational awareness. Only a small portion of usage was for road sign reading. Translational Relevance:This study provides new insights into how the vision rehabilitation device-bioptic telescopes are used in daily driving. The findings may be helpful for designing bioptic driving training programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioptic Telescope Use in Naturalistic Driving by People with Visual Impairment

Wang

Moharrer

Baliutaviciute

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…7 This kind of glance occupies less than 1.5% of the whole driving time. 8,9 In general, there are different kinds of bioptic telescopes, such as monocular and binocular telescopes, Keplerian and Galilean telescopes. 10 Different states have different requirements on the bioptic for driving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard detection with monocular bioptic telescopes in a driving simulator

Tang

Bronstad

Spano

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Purpose:Recently we developed a driving simulator paradigm to evaluate detection of road hazards when using a bioptic telescope and conducted an initial study using normally-sighted observers with simulated vision loss. We now extend our investigation to quantifying the extent to which visually impaired bioptic users are able to use their fellow (non-telescope) eye to compensate for the ring scotoma of a monocular bioptic telescope. We tested the hypothesis that detection rates would be higher in binocular viewing (fellow eye could potentially compensate) than monocular viewing (fellow eye patched so it could not compensate) for pedestrian hazards present in the scene only while the telescope was being used. Methods:Sixteen bioptic telescope users (17-80 y) completed six test drives, including three with binocular viewing interleaved between three with monocular viewing. While driving, they used their own monocular bioptic telescopes to read information on highway road signs (n = 71) and pressed the horn when they saw a pedestrian hazard (n = 50). Twenty-six of the pedestrians were programed to appear, run on the road ahead of the driver for 1s within the ring scotoma and then disappear, within the period when participants were reading signs through the bioptic. The timing of the head movement to look into and out of the bioptic was determined and events were then categorized by whether or not the pedestrian hazard was present in the scene only while using the bioptic. Results:When pedestrian hazards were in the scene only while subjects were using the bioptic to read a sign, detection rates were significantly higher in binocular than monocular viewing (68% vs. 40%).However, when pedestrians when subjects had a brief view of the pedestrian either beforeor after looking through the bioptic, then detection rates did not differ in binocular and monocular viewing (78% vs. 79%). By comparison, when not using the bioptic detection rates were higher (> 90%) and reaction times were shorter (without 0.95 s vs. with 1.25 s) Conclusions:Our results suggest that under binocular viewing conditions the fellow eye was able to compensate for the ring scotoma to a certain extent when subjects used a monocular telescope to read road signs; however, performance was not as good as without the bioptic.

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“…These drivers’ low level of visual acuity sets them apart from the drivers with conventional levels of visual acuity. Bioptic drivers use the telescope mainly for navigation and reading the signs 22,23 , which means that they use their bioptic telescope for only a small proportion of total driving time, adhering to the bioptic driving guidelines which addresses concern that use of the bioptic telescope may block the field of view 24 . Luo and Peli 12 recorded the actual driving of two bioptic drivers and found that their bioptic use was as low as 1%, meaning that for 99% of the time these drivers drove with their low visual acuity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of motion perception and visual acuity for driving hazard perception

Moharrer

Tang

Luo

2018

Preprint

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PURPOSEThere are many visually impaired people who can drive legally with bioptic telescope. Drawing on the experience of drivers with reduced vision, this study investigated the role of motion perception and visual acuity in driving, under simulated low visual acuity.METHODSTwenty normally sighted participants took part in a driving hazard perception (HP) test, in four different conditions: with/without motion interruption and with/without simulated low visual acuity. In interrupted motion conditions a mask frame was inserted between every frame of the driving videos. In simulated low visual acuity conditions, participants wore glasses with diffusing filters that lowered their visual acuity to 20/120 on average. Participants’ response time, hazard detection rates, and HP scores, which combined response time and detection rate, were compared.RESULTSRepeated measure ANOVA revealed that the HP scores significantly declined from 20.46 to 16.82 due to the motion mask (F(1,19) = 9.343, p = 0.006). However, simulated low visual acuity did not affect HP scores (F(1,19) = 1.807, p = 0.195). The interaction between vision and mask was not significant (F(1,19) = 1. 295, p = 0.269). The decline in score was mostly due to significant decrease in detection rate, from 0.80 to 0.64, due to the motion mask (F(1,19) = 16.686, p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSIn this experimental setting, human observers relied largely on motion information for detecting driving hazards, rather than high visual acuity. This finding might help explain how visually impaired drivers can compensate for their impaired vision during driving.

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Bioptic Telescope Use and Driving Patterns of Drivers with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Bioptic Telescope Use in Naturalistic Driving by People with Visual Impairment

Bioptic Telescope Use in Naturalistic Driving by People with Visual Impairment

Hazard detection with monocular bioptic telescopes in a driving simulator

Roles of motion perception and visual acuity for driving hazard perception

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