Bioregeneration of perchlorate-laden gel-type anion-exchange resin in a fluidized bed reactor

Effect of temperature & salt concentration on salt tolerant nitrate-perchlorate reducing bacteria: Nitrate degradation kinetics

“…Direct bioregeneration of perchlorateselective resin has also been studied by a few researchers (Venkatesan et al, 2010;Xiao et al, 2010). Since in this process, the resin is in direct contact with the culture, at the end of the each regeneration cycle, extra processes including bio-fouling removal and resin disinfection are required before using the resin in another ion exchange cycle.…”

Bioregeneration of single use nitrate selective ion-exchange resin enclosed in a membrane: Kinetics of desorption

“…Researchers have studied the direct bioregeneration of perchlorate-selective resin [18,19]. The resin was in direct contact with the culture in both of these papers and so at the end of each cycle, biofouling removal and disinfection of resin was performed before the resin was reused in another cycle.…”

“…In all of these studies, because of the direct contact of biomass with resin there is a possibility the biomass will affect the desorption of perchlorate/nitrate from the resin. These factors result in increasing the cost and time required for each regeneration cycle [18].…”

Sustainable nitrate-contaminated water treatment using multi cycle ion-exchange/bioregeneration of nitrate selective resin

“…This 245 is reflected in the reduction in the peak concentration of nitrate in each cycle. It is generally 246 accepted that anion (nitrate, perchlorate) degradation follows Monod's kinetics [19]:…”

“…So, the nitrate accumulation in the less regenerable sites is 260 decreased and the capacity is maintained. Increasing the non-regenerable sites of the resin in 261 each cycle can also be explained based by the shrinking core model which was developed for ion 262 uptake by resins[19, 24]. The model shows that ions first occupy the outer region of the resin,263 and progressively moves to the inner unused resin core with time.…”