“…Physical remediation, chemical remediation, and bioremediation have been used to remove Cr(VI) from wastewater (Fernández, Viñarta, Bernal, Cruz, & Figueroa, ; Golder, Chanda, Samanta, & Ray, ; Mohanty et al, ; Muneer, Rehman, Shakoori, & Shakoori, ; Selen, Özer, & Özer, ; Sun et al, , ). However, most of these methods are limited because they have some disadvantages such as high cost and difficulty in implementation.…”