Biosensors Based on Poly(vinylimidazole) Microparticles

Abstract

The use of poly(vinylimidazole) microparticles as immobilization system of the enzymes used as biological material in the fabrication of glucose and catechol biosensors is proposed. Biosensors analytical properties were studied using different working media: aqueous buffer solution and solvents with different hydrophobicity such as dioxane (lgP ¼ À 1.1), acetonitrile (lgP ¼ À 0.33), ethanol (lgP ¼ À 0.24), chloroform (lgP ¼ 2.0) and hexane (lgP ¼ 3.5) as well as different mixtures of acetonitrile/aqueous buffer solution. Sensitivity, detection limit, linear range and response time were reported for both biosensors in both media. The performance of the biosensors in the analysis of glucose and phenols in real samples was successful.

Inhibition Biosensor Based on Calcium Phosphate Materials for Detection of Benzoic Acid in Aqueous and Organic Media

“…After the measurements of benzoic acid were performed, restoration of the enzyme biosensor activity was achieved by rinsing biosensor with PBS, without incubation period, in agreement with other authors 3.…”

“…Enzyme biosensors appear as a suitable tool for detection of a large variety of compounds because of their analytical characteristics, as specificity, sensitivity, rapid response, low cost, etc. At the beginning, these devices were designed to monitor the substrate of the immobilized enzyme but recently, the scope is expanding, and detection of inhibitors of the enzyme activity, such as pesticides, heavy metals, etc., have been reported 2, 3. These compounds are capable of inhibiting the catalytic activity of a particular enzyme, being affected the components of the enzyme reaction.…”

A Sensitive Glucose Biosensor Based on Brushite, a Biocompatible Cement

“…Finally, the mixture of GOx/brushite was added over the Nafion film following, as usual, by the cross-linked. As expected, the resulting negatively charged polyelectrolyte matrix produces a repulsive force on negatively charged molecules present in solution at this pH, and no current was registered in presence of the uric and ascorbic acids (Figure 5b) [15,19]. A calibration curve was performed with the Nafion/GOx/ brushite biosensor ( Figure 6).…”

“…These results prove again that the immobilizing support slightly change the catalytic functions of the enzyme. Before choosing the optimum temperature applied in the rest of experiences, a study of thermal stability of glucose oxidase [15] was performed to ensure the protein stability in the time. This study revealed than only temperatures equal or lower than 25 8C kept constant the steady state current.…”

Synthesis of Crosslinked Microparticles Based on Glycidyl Methacrylate and N‐Vinylimidazole

“…[ 16–20 ] Also, N ‐vinylimidazole (NVI) is a vinyl monomer that can participate in radical polymerization reactions and generate polymeric materials that may present biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antibacterial activity. This vinyl monomer was previously used in enzyme immobilization, [ 21 ] water treatment, [ 22,23 ] catalysis, [ 24 ] and drug delivery systems. [ 25–27 ]…”