Biosphere Compatibility as a Principle of Sustainable Urban Development

Abstract

Abstract. The article covers safety and environmental issues, as well as the sustainable interaction between man and nature in the context of present-day cities. An important task, according to the authors, is the study of scientific approaches and practical achievements in this field, and then the detection of the most urgent critical issues. The coauthors provide an overview of numerous research projects on the treatment of nature, the anthropogenic load, the biosphere as a geological body, the noosphere, and ratios characterizing the condition of the biosphere. The coauthors believe that ecological management, aimed to reverse the treatment of nature, must be integrative. New legislation, effective control of its execution, new disciplines to be introduced at the level of secondary, vocational, and higher education, development of ecological schools of thought and advanced green standards and materials applicable to any construction operations may comprise an effective solution. The authors offer their vision of the challenges and outline the primary steps, including immediate implementation of urban planning solutions to be developed in accordance with the biosphere compatibility principles, with calculations of humanitarian balances of the bio-technosphere. The coauthors also consider the innovative approaches to the use of eco-friendly materials in construction projects.

Ecological aspects in assessment of acoustic pollution at the territory of Rostov-on-Don

“…-population number dynamics; -transport infrastructure; -state of natural environment; -access to housing; -development of housing sector; -demographic features of population; -innovative activities; -utility infrastructure; -workforce capacity; -social infrastructure; -social parameters of community; -welfare of citizens; -urban economics [2]. In this case, the city is viewed as a territorial formation, the planning structure of which determines the living and socialization environment for the population on which, in its turn, the further development of urban territory depends.…”

“…It should be noted that comprehensive socioeconomic and environmental feasibility studies must be carried out while making urban planning decisions [1,2]. The state of environment is determined by the interaction between of natural and anthropogenous subsystems within the urban system; adverse effects of such interaction entail environmental problems: pollution of atmosphere and water, soil and plants degeneration, solid household waste disposal, etc.…”

Antirivers and their role in the biotechnosphere formation

“…The development of the antiriver projects must include an evaluation of the ways and possibilities of their ecological optimization [14][15][16], which means a system of measures aimed at reducing the significant negative environmental aspects of the outlined activity, while increasing the efficiency of the positive ones (for example, protection from extreme hydrometeorological fluctuations). Development of a justified prohibition of the projects …”

Application of Geographic Information System for forward planning of the Russian Federation subject rural areas

“…Presently, the issue of creating a tool to ensure prompt retrieval of information on the status and use of agricultural land on the basis of state monitoring of agricultural land remains crucial. The development of state monitoring for such lands on the federal and regional levels and the formation of state information resources on agricultural lands will allow for the operational management of lands [2].…”