Biosynthesis of Functional Silver Nanoparticles Using Callus and Hairy Root Cultures of Aristolochia manshuriensis

Abstract

This study delves into the novel utilization of Aristolochia manshuriensis cultured cells for extracellular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis without the need for additional substances. The presence of elemental silver has been verified using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, while distinct surface plasmon resonance peaks were revealed by UV-Vis spectra. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the AgNPs, ranging in size from 10 to 40 nm, exhibited a spherical morphology. Fourier-transform infrared analysis validated the abilty of A. manshuriensis extract components to serve as both reducing and capping agents for metal ions. In the context of cytotoxicity on embryonic fibroblast (NIH 3T3) and mouse neuroblastoma (N2A) cells, AgNPs demonstrated varying effects. Specifically, nanoparticles derived from callus cultures exhibited an IC50 of 2.8 µg/mL, effectively inhibiting N2A growth, whereas AgNPs sourced from hairy roots only achieved this only at concentrations of 50 µg/mL and above. Notably, all studied AgNPs’ treatment-induced cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells, yielding IC50 values ranging from 7.2 to 36.3 µg/mL. Furthermore, the findings unveiled the efficacy of the synthesized AgNPs against pathogenic microorganisms impacting both plants and animals, including Agrobacterium rhizogenes, A. tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. These findings underscore the effectiveness of biotechnological methodologies in offering advanced and enhanced green nanotechnology alternatives for generating nanoparticles with applications in combating cancer and infectious disorders.

Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using turnip root (Brassica rapa subsp. Rapa) extract and their antibacterial efficacy

“…A colour change of the solutions from light yellow to dark brown for both experiments was observed and the solutions were centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 30 min, with the collected pellets being washed three times with deionised water and dried for 3 h at 60 °C. It should be noted that the solution colour change indicates the formation of AgNPs, as reported in earlier studies [27,28]. Figure 1 illustates the process synthesising AgNPs.…”

“…04-0783 in the JCPDS database. Multiple studies have documented comparable findings [16,28,32]. The broadening of Bragg's peaks caused by particle/crystallite size and lattice strains indicates the formation of AgNPs, as nanoparticles cause a degree of disorder in the crystalline structure [33,34].…”

A Review on Algal Mediated Synthesized Metallic Nanoparticles: An Eco-Friendly Approach for Sustainable Nanotechnology

“…Silver nanoparticles synthesized in an environmentally friendly manner effectively inhibit bacterial growth by eliciting bactericidal activity against Gramnegative and Gram-positive biofilm-forming pathogens. As a result, silver nanoparticles produced by G. amansii (brown algae) may serve as potential anti-fouling coatings for a variety of biomedical and environmental applications" [35,36]. Nanoparticles produced by algae can compete with standard drugs and have been shown to have antibacterial, anticancer, and antifungal effects.…”