Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Morus alba (White Mulberry) Leaf Extract as Potential Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents

Abstract

In this study, we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Morus alba or white mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and assess their antibacterial and anticancer potential. The GC–MS analysis of MLE confirmed the existence of phenolic compounds, serving as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. The MLE-AgNPs were spherical, with an average particle size of 20–44.5 nm and a face-centered cubic structure. EDX spectra confirmed the formation of AgNPs, and a negative zeta potential value (−14.5 mV) suggested their physicochemical stability. Excellent antibacterial activity was demonstrated by MLE-AgNPs against Acinetobacter baumannii strains with a MIC of 2 μg/mL, while good activity was observed against other Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. In vitro cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells) and MCF-10A (normal human mammary epithelial cells) were investigated by the MTT assay. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) against MCF-7 cells were 18 and 33 μg/mL for MLE-AgNPs and MLE, respectively, with no effect on normal MCF-10A cells. Altogether, the results support the high antibacterial and anticancer potential of biosynthesized AgNPs by white mulberry leaf extract.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Jasminum nudiflorum Flower Extract and Their Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity

“…In addition, 27.69°, 32.06°, 46.00°, 54.57°, and 57.08°corresponded to the (111), (200), (220), (311), and (222) planes of the standard AgClNPs (PDF:97-006-4734), respectively ( Figure 5 ). This was similar to the XRD spectra of Kohan Baghkheirati [ 53 ] and Kumkoon et al [ 54 ]. The formation of AgClNPs might be the result of the reaction of Ag in AgNO 3 with the chemical compound Cl in the plant extract [ 54 ].…”

“…This was similar to the XRD spectra of Kohan Baghkheirati [ 53 ] and Kumkoon et al [ 54 ]. The formation of AgClNPs might be the result of the reaction of Ag in AgNO 3 with the chemical compound Cl in the plant extract [ 54 ]. Additionally, the XRD spectrum showcased additional unmatched peaks, possibly attributable to the crystallization of bio-organic compounds on the surface of AgNPs.…”

“…Additionally, the XRD spectrum showcased additional unmatched peaks, possibly attributable to the crystallization of bio-organic compounds on the surface of AgNPs. The noise is related to the phytochemical components in the possible extract of the impurity peak [ 24 , 49 , 54 , 55 ]. The size of AgNPs was calculated using Scherrer’s formula: .…”

Biosynthesis of Cry5B-Loaded Sulfur Nanoparticles using Arthrobotrys oligospora Filtrate: Effects on Nematicidal Activity, Thermal Stability, and Pathogenicity against Caenorhabditis elegans

“…The GC−MS analysis was undergone at the Mahidol University-Frontier Research Facility (MU-FRF), Thailand, following the protocol as described previously. 23 2.5. Preparation of Biosynthesized Sulfur Nanoparticles using A. oligospora Fungal Filtrate (AO-SNPs).…”

“…oligospora was prepared, a gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS, model 5977B GC/MSD, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used to identify the potential metabolites present in the fungal filtrate. The GC–MS analysis was undergone at the Mahidol University-Frontier Research Facility (MU-FRF), Thailand, following the protocol as described previously …”