Biosynthetic support based on dendritic poly(L-lysine) improves human skin fibroblasts attachment

Abstract

Poly(L-lysine) (PLL) dendrigrafts (DGLs) are arborescent biosynthetic polymers of regular and controlled structures. They have specific properties such as biocompatibility and non-immunogenicity, and their surface density of NH2 functions can be easily modified and therefore appears as a powerful tool for the functionalization of hydrophobic polymers used in the context of tissue engineering. In this study, we evaluated several criteria of human skin fibroblasts when cultured with DGL of generations 2, 3 and 4, with linear PLL polymer as reference. In aqueous phase, DGLs and PLL displayed a similar cytotoxicity towards fibroblasts. Plastic culture plates grafted with DGLs were further characterized as homogeneous surfaces by atomic force microscopy and surface characterization by amino density estimation by colorimetric assay. Proliferation of fibroblasts was increased when cultured onto PLL and DGLs monolayers when compared with crude plates. Cellular adhesion was increased by 20% on DGLs in comparison to PLL. Integrin α5 subunit protein expression level was increased after 48 h of culture on DGLs, in comparison to control or PLL-coated surfaces. The presence of DGLs did not lead to overexpression or activation of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Finally, fibroblasts adhesion was increased by 40% on poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) matrices functionalized with DGLs when compared to PLL. Overall, these features make DGL promising candidates for the surface engineering of biomaterials in tissue engineering.

Dendrigraft polylysine coated‐poly(glycolic acid) fibrous scaffolds for hippocampal neurons

“…Our results revealed that coating with dendrigraft polylysine of higher generations provided better surface for nerve cell adhesion than linear polylysine, although the adsorption to the PGA fibers was less and unstable. It was previously reported that dendrigraft polylysine conjugation to cell substrates was more effective for promoting the adhesion of fibroblasts than linear polylysine, and that the coated dendrigraft polylysine was released from the substrate . These results are consistent with the results obtained in our study.…”

“…It was previously reported that dendrigraft polylysine conjugation to cell substrates was more effective for promoting the adhesion of fibroblasts than linear polylysine, and that the coated dendrigraft polylysine was released from the substrate. [21][22][23] These results are consistent with the results obtained in our study. Lu et al reported that cell adhesion increased by polymer mixing as well as polymer coating.…”

“…There have been some reports on the properties of dendrigraft polylysines as coatings on the surface of cell substrates. High generation dendrigraft polylysine provided better surface for cell adhesion, than linear polylysine . Although surfaces coated with linear polylysine are integrin‐independent, cells attached to dendrigraft polylysine surfaces were bound via α v β 1 integrin complexes .…”

“…[21][22][23] Although surfaces coated with linear polylysine are integrinindependent, cells attached to dendrigraft polylysine surfaces were bound via a v b 1 integrin complexes. 23 All of these studies were performed using two-dimensional substrates for fibroblast culture. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports examining dendrigraft polylysine coating of three-dimensional substrates, such as fibers.…”

Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Poly‐l‐lysine Dendrigrafts (But Were Afraid to Ask)

“…[26] It turned out that the interactions of anionic ATPm olecules on the surfaces were identicalt ot hat of the free DGL in solution in term of stoichiometry,s howing that the immobilization procedure does not alter the binding properties of the dendritic polymer.U nmodified DLGs can also be attached on as olid support by using reactive polystyrene that bearsepoxy functionalities. [27] For both approaches, AFM studies revealed that the resulting nanomaterials displayed monolayered homogeneous surfaces.…”