Biotin deficiency causes spontaneous cell death and activation of defense signaling

Li, Jing; Brader, Günter; Helenius, Elina; Kariola, Tarja; Palva, E. Tapio

doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04871.x

Cited by 33 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, this increase in defense gene expression is not accompanied by enhanced resistance to bacterial pathogens, possibly because this increased transcription is not correlated with an accumulation of the corresponding protein (Li et al 2012a).…”

Section: Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerancementioning

confidence: 94%

Plant amino acid-derived vitamins: biosynthesis and function

Miret

Munné‐Bosch

2013

Amino Acids

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Vitamins are essential organic compounds for humans, having lost the ability to de novo synthesize them. Hence, they represent dietary requirements, which are covered by plants as the main dietary source of most vitamins (through food or livestock's feed). Most vitamins synthesized by plants present amino acids as precursors (B1, B2, B3, B5, B7, B9 and E) and are therefore linked to plant nitrogen metabolism. Amino acids play different roles in their biosynthesis and metabolism, either incorporated into the backbone of the vitamin or as amino, sulfur or one-carbon group donors. There is a high natural variation in vitamin contents in crops and its exploitation through breeding, metabolic engineering and agronomic practices can enhance their nutritional quality. While the underlying biochemical roles of vitamins as cosubstrates or cofactors are usually common for most eukaryotes, the impact of vitamins B and E in metabolism and physiology can be quite different on plants and animals. Here, we first aim at giving an overview of the biosynthesis of amino acid-derived vitamins in plants, with a particular focus on how this knowledge can be exploited to increase vitamin contents in crops. Second, we will focus on the functions of these vitamins in both plants and animals (and humans in particular), to unravel common and specific roles for vitamins in evolutionary distant organisms, in which these amino acid-derived vitamins play, however, an essential role.

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Section: Abiotic and Biotic Stress Tolerancementioning

confidence: 94%

Plant amino acid-derived vitamins: biosynthesis and function

Miret

Munné‐Bosch

2013

Amino Acids

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“…Furthermore, based on enzyme activity and coexpression with BZO1, 1,4-DIHYDROXY-2-NAPHTHOATE-COENZYME A THIOESTERASE2 seems likely to oversee the conversion of BA-CoA to BA in peroxisomes . Finally, recent works have credited a suite of peroxisomal proteins with roles in immune responses (Taler et al, 2004;Lipka et al, 2005;Bednarek et al, 2009;Clay et al, 2009;Coca and San Segundo, 2010;Li et al, 2012;Rojas et al, 2012). Given that BA derivatives such as salicylic acid, benzoylglucosinolates, and phytoalexins are important for plant defense, it will be interesting to explore the roles of the peroxisomal BA biosynthetic proteins in defense-related functions.…”

Section: Ba Biosynthesis In the Peroxisomementioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome Analysis of Peroxisomes from Etiolated Arabidopsis Seedlings Identifies a Peroxisomal Protease Involved in β-Oxidation and Development

et al. 2013

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Plant peroxisomes are highly dynamic organelles that mediate a suite of metabolic processes crucial to development. Peroxisomes in seeds/dark-grown seedlings and in photosynthetic tissues constitute two major subtypes of plant peroxisomes, which had been postulated to contain distinct primary biochemical properties. Multiple in-depth proteomic analyses had been performed on leaf peroxisomes, yet the major makeup of peroxisomes in seeds or dark-grown seedlings remained unclear. To compare the metabolic pathways of the two dominant plant peroxisomal subtypes and discover new peroxisomal proteins that function specifically during seed germination, we performed proteomic analysis of peroxisomes from etiolated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings. The detection of 77 peroxisomal proteins allowed us to perform comparative analysis with the peroxisomal proteome of green leaves, which revealed a large overlap between these two primary peroxisomal variants. Subcellular targeting analysis by fluorescence microscopy validated around 10 new peroxisomal proteins in Arabidopsis. Mutant analysis suggested the role of the cysteine protease RESPONSE TO DROUGHT21A-LIKE1 in b-oxidation, seed germination, and growth. This work provides a much-needed road map of a major type of plant peroxisome and has established a basis for future investigations of peroxisomal proteolytic processes to understand their roles in development and in plant interaction with the environment.

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“…An example is the observed upregulation of biotin biosynthesis after infection with SG200Δ19A which is not observed in any of the tin mutant infections. In Arabidopsis thaliana it has been shown that biotin is critical for suppressing spontaneous cell death [22]. The fact that biotin biosynthesis appears upregulated may indicate a direct involvement of a specific effector for maintaining a certain level of this essential cofactor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Largest Effector Gene Cluster of Ustilago maydis

et al. 2014

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In the genome of the biotrophic plant pathogen Ustilago maydis, many of the genes coding for secreted protein effectors modulating virulence are arranged in gene clusters. The vast majority of these genes encode novel proteins whose expression is coupled to plant colonization. The largest of these gene clusters, cluster 19A, encodes 24 secreted effectors. Deletion of the entire cluster results in severe attenuation of virulence. Here we present the functional analysis of this genomic region. We show that a 19A deletion mutant behaves like an endophyte, i.e. is still able to colonize plants and complete the infection cycle. However, tumors, the most conspicuous symptoms of maize smut disease, are only rarely formed and fungal biomass in infected tissue is significantly reduced. The generation and analysis of strains carrying sub-deletions identified several genes significantly contributing to tumor formation after seedling infection. Another of the effectors could be linked specifically to anthocyanin induction in the infected tissue. As the individual contributions of these genes to tumor formation were small, we studied the response of maize plants to the whole cluster mutant as well as to several individual mutants by array analysis. This revealed distinct plant responses, demonstrating that the respective effectors have discrete plant targets. We propose that the analysis of plant responses to effector mutant strains that lack a strong virulence phenotype may be a general way to visualize differences in effector function.

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Biotin deficiency causes spontaneous cell death and activation of defense signaling

Cited by 33 publications

References 82 publications

Plant amino acid-derived vitamins: biosynthesis and function

Plant amino acid-derived vitamins: biosynthesis and function

Proteome Analysis of Peroxisomes from Etiolated Arabidopsis Seedlings Identifies a Peroxisomal Protease Involved in β-Oxidation and Development

Characterization of the Largest Effector Gene Cluster of Ustilago maydis

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