Bipedal stance exercise and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its synergistic effect in increasing bone mass and in lowering the PGE2 dose required to prevent ovariectomized-induced cancellous bone loss in aged rats

Mo, Ashley O.; Yao, Wei; Li, C.; Tian, X Y; Su, Mingwan; Ling, Yan; Zhang, Q.; Setterberg, R. B.; Jee, Webster S. S.

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00835-9

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, PGE 2 appears to affect bone turnover at different sites. The effect of PGE 2 on the alveolar bone may be described as a modeling-dependent bone gain, which may be due to new bone formation directly on the bone surface and at different locations [15]. This modeling-dependent bone gain stimulated by PGE 2 has been described previously in long bones [3], and this study showed that it also occurs in the mandible.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Prostaglandin E 2 is known to stimulate bone formation in long bones [3,6,7], and the dose required to produce this positive effect may be as low as 0.3 mg/kg per day in load-bearing bones [15]. The animals used in this experiment weighed about 200 g. If the dose locally delivered to the mandible is associated with the animals' weight, 0.1 and 0.05 mg correspond to 0.5 and 0.25 mg/kg applied daily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In load-bearing bones, PGE 2 has an anabolic effect when administered either systemically or locally [7]. In addition, the dose of PGE 2 required to prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats may be reduced if PGE 2 treatment is accompanied with exercise [15]. As the mandible bexercisesQ through mastication, it is hypothesized that PGE 2 stimulates higher rates of alveolar bone deposition when delivered locally to the mandible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Ramirez-Yañez

Seymour

Walsh

et al. 2004

Bone

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Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) induces bone formation in stress-bearing bones. The mandible, a stress-bearing bone, is loaded daily during mastication. The aim of this study was to determine if PGE 2 delivered locally to the mandible over 20 days enhances alveolar bone deposition. In 18 Lewis rats, controlled-release pellets containing PGE 2 were implanted on the buccal aspect on the left-hand side of the mandible, mesial to the root of the first molar. Controlled-release pellets locally delivered 0.1, 0.05, or 0.025 mg/day of PGE 2 . The right side of the mandible was used as a matched control for each animal. Six sham-treated animals were implanted with a placebo pellet. On days 7 and 19, animals were injected with the bone markers tetracycline and calcein, respectively. On day 21, animals were sacrificed and undecalcified tissues obtained for morphometrical analysis. Morphometrical measurements were analyzed by paired t test to determine differences between the matched samples and one-way ANOVA to compare the different treatment groups. A significant increase in alveolar bone area was observed in mandibles treated with 0.1 and 0.05 mg/day when compared with matched controls and the placebo group. This was accompanied by a significant increase in alveolar bone height and width. The proportions of double-labeled surface (dLS), the mineral apposition rate (MAR), and bone formation rate (BFR) were significantly increased in mandibles treated with the two higher doses of PGE 2 . The proportion of resorptive surface (RS) was significantly reduced in these two groups. It is concluded that PGE 2 induces alveolar bone formation in the mandible when locally delivered at a dose of 0.1 or 0.05 mg/day for 20 days.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Ramirez-Yañez

Seymour

Walsh

et al. 2004

Bone

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“…PGE 2 has been shown to be a potent stimulator of bone formation in vivo (21). The anabolic effect of systemically administered PGE 2 has been reported in rats (11,22,23) and humans (24). A detailed analysis of the effects of PGE 2 in rats showed that it increases bone formation and bone mass mainly by increasing the number of osteoblasts (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of Parathyroid Hormone, Prostaglandin E₂, or 1-alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Restores the Bone Inductive Activity of rhBMP-2 in Aged Rats

Kabasawa

Asahina²,

Gunji³

et al. 2003

DNA and Cell Biology

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Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) induces bone formation in young rodents, but aging causes a reduction in the bone-forming ability of BMP. Most patients who require bone reconstruction are relatively old. Accordingly, we examined whether anabolic hormones could restore the bone inductive activity of rhBMP-2 in aged rats. rhBMP-2 in a carrier pellet was implanted subcutaneously in both 4- and 50-week-old female Wistar rats. PTH, PGE2, or 1,25(OH)2D3 was injected every day during the period of BMP implantation. The pellets were harvested, and were examined both histologically and biochemically 2 weeks after implantation. Bone-forming ability was measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium (Ca) content. Pellets in 50-week-old rats showed a significant reduction in bone formation compared to pellets in 4-week-old rats. However, daily injections of PTH into 50-week-old rats restored both ALP activity (103 +/- 4.6%) and Ca content (105 +/- 2.6%). 1,25(OH)2D3 and PGE2 also restored Ca content (103 +/- 4.5% and 98 +/- 3.8%, respectively) and stimulated ALP activity (142 +/- 2.3% and 133 +/- 3.6%). These results show that the administration of these hormones restores bone-forming ability in aged rats. A combination treatment of these hormones with rhBMP-2 might be applicable to the reconstruction of bone defects in elderly patients.

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“…Sibonga et al (52) and Keila et al (53) independently reported that administration of PGE 2 even into aged rats increased bone mass due to an increase in osteoblasts over osteoclasts. It was also demonstrated that PGE 2 and bipedal stance exercise synergistically prevented cancellous bone loss induced by ovariectomy in aged rats (54). Local administration of PGE 1 has been shown to increase alveolar bone thickness and bone formation in beagle dogs (55).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prostaglandin E2 Receptors EP2 and EP4 Are Down-regulated during Differentiation of Mouse Osteoclasts from Their Precursors

Kobayashi¹,

Take²,

Yamashita³

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) has been proposed to be a potent stimulator of bone resorption. However, PGE 2 itself has been shown to directly inhibit bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts. We examined the role of PGE 2 in the function of mouse osteoclasts formed in vitro. Bone marrow macrophage osteoclast precursors expressed PGE 2 receptors EP1, EP2, EP3␤, and EP4, and the expression of EP2 and EP4 was down-regulated during osteoclastic differentiation induced by receptor activator of NF-B ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In contrast, functional EP1 was continuously expressed in mature osteoclasts. PGE 2 as well as calcitonin caused intracellular Ca 2؉ influx in osteoclasts. However, PGE 2 and 17-phenyltrinol-PGE 2 (an EP1 agonist) failed to inhibit actin-ring formation and pit formation by osteoclasts cultured on dentine slices. When EP4 was expressed in osteoclasts using an adenovirus carrying EP4 cDNA, both actin-ring and pit-forming activities of osteoclasts were inhibited in an infectious unit-dependent manner. Treatment of EP4-expressing osteoclasts with PGE 2 further inhibited their actin-ring and pitforming activities. Such inhibitory effects of EP4-mediated signals on osteoclast function are similar to those that are calcitonin receptor-mediated. Thus, osteoclast precursors down-regulate their own EP2 and EP4 levels during their differentiation into osteoclasts to escape inhibitory effects of PGE 2 on bone resorption.

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Bipedal stance exercise and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its synergistic effect in increasing bone mass and in lowering the PGE2 dose required to prevent ovariectomized-induced cancellous bone loss in aged rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Administration of Parathyroid Hormone, Prostaglandin E₂, or 1-alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Restores the Bone Inductive Activity of rhBMP-2 in Aged Rats

Prostaglandin E2 Receptors EP2 and EP4 Are Down-regulated during Differentiation of Mouse Osteoclasts from Their Precursors

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Bipedal stance exercise and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its synergistic effect in increasing bone mass and in lowering the PGE2 dose required to prevent ovariectomized-induced cancellous bone loss in aged rats

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Administration of Parathyroid Hormone, Prostaglandin E2, or 1-alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Restores the Bone Inductive Activity of rhBMP-2 in Aged Rats

Prostaglandin E2 Receptors EP2 and EP4 Are Down-regulated during Differentiation of Mouse Osteoclasts from Their Precursors

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Product

Resources

About

Administration of Parathyroid Hormone, Prostaglandin E₂, or 1-alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Restores the Bone Inductive Activity of rhBMP-2 in Aged Rats