Birth Control Sabotage and Forced Sex: Experiences Reported by Women in Domestic Violence Shelters

Bocanegra, Heike Thiel de; Rostovtseva, Daria P.; Khera, Satin; Godhwani, Nita

doi:10.1177/1077801210366965

Cited by 69 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Partners themselves may also refuse to use condoms or tell a woman later that they did not use a condom 27. In addition to this, some women may be prevented from obtaining initial or repeat supplies of contraception 25. Women report that their partners want to have children, particularly male children, or may want to maintain a permanent connection with their female partner 5 25.…”

Section: Forms Of Reproductive Control Perpetrated By Intimate Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive control by others: means, perpetrators and effects

Rowlands

Walker

2019

BMJ Sex Reprod Health

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BackgroundReproductive control of women by others comprises a wide range of behaviours, from persuasion to pressure such as emotional blackmail, societal or family expectations, through to threats of or actual physical violence. It is defined as behaviours that interfere with women’s reproductive autonomy as well as any actions that pressurise or coerce a woman into initiating or terminating a pregnancyMethodNarrative review based on a search of medical and social science literature.ResultsReproductive control by others includes control or coercion over decisions about becoming pregnant and also about continuing or terminating a pregnancy. It can be carried out by intimate partners, the wider family, or as part of criminal behaviour. One form is contraceptive sabotage, which invalidates the consent given to sex. Contraceptive sabotage includes the newly-described behaviour of ‘stealthing’: the covert removal of a condom during sex. Reproductive control by others is separate from intimate partner violence but there are similarities and the phenomena overlap. Reproductive control by others is reported by as many as one quarter of women attending sexual and reproductive healthcare services. Those treating such women should be familiar with the concept and how to ameliorate its effects. Screening questions for its detection have been developed as well as interventions to reduce its risk.ConclusionsReproductive control by others is common and those working in women’s health should be familiar with the concept and with screening tools used to detect it.

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Section: Forms Of Reproductive Control Perpetrated By Intimate Partnersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive control by others: means, perpetrators and effects

Rowlands

Walker

2019

BMJ Sex Reprod Health

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“…Characteristics include partner enforcement of his sexual and reproductive intentions in direct conflict with or without consideration of the woman's intentions via coercion, intimidation, threats, and/or physical assault . Recent research has provided evidence for the impact of partner refusal to withdraw during sex and/or to use a condom, sabotaging birth control methods, and sexual assault on reproductive outcomes from STIs and HIV transmission to unintended pregnancy and abortion (Ely & Otis, 2011;Moore et al, 2010;Miller et al, 2010;ODonnell et al, 2009;Saftlas et al, 2010;Silverman et al, 2011;Thiel de Bocanegra et al, 2010;Williams, Larsen, & McCloskey, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partner Violence and Abortion Characteristics

Colarossi

Dean

2014

Women & Health

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We conducted a retrospective cohort study using randomly selected medical charts of women reporting a history of partner violence and women with no history of partner violence at the time of a family planning or abortion appointment (n = 6,564 per group). We analyzed lifetime history of partner violence for odds of lifetime history of abortion and miscarriage number, and birth control problems. To more closely match timing, we analyzed a subsample of 2,186 women reporting current violence versus not at the time of an abortion appointment for differences in gestational age, medical versus surgical method choice, and return for follow-up visit. After adjusting for years at risk and demographic characteristics, women with a past history of partner violence were not more likely to have ever had one abortion, but they were more likely to have had problems with birth control, repeat abortions, and miscarriages than women with no history of violence. Women with current partner violence were also more likely to be receiving an abortion at a later gestational age. We found no differences between the groups in return for abortion follow-up visit or choice of surgical versus medication abortion. Findings support screening for the influence of partner violence on reproductive health and related safety planning.

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“…Poor health-related outcomes can result from lack of autonomy and difficulty in accessing services. Pregnancy coercion and birth control sabotage has been linked to unintended pregnancy (Miller 2010; Thiel de Bocanegra 2010), and limitations on condom use (Katz 2015), which increases the risk and incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV (Dhairyawan 2013). It is also associated with poor perinatal and maternal health with increased risk of low birth weight and preterm birth (Shah 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School-based interventions for preventing HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy in adolescents

Mason‐Jones

Sinclair

Mathews

et al. 2016

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

147

152

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BackgroundSchool-based sexual and reproductive health programmes are widely accepted as an approach to reducing high-risk sexual behaviour among adolescents. Many studies and systematic reviews have concentrated on measuring effects on knowledge or self-reported behaviour rather than biological outcomes, such as pregnancy or prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs).ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of school-based sexual and reproductive health programmes on sexually transmitted infections (such as HIV, herpes simplex virus, and syphilis), and pregnancy among adolescents.Search methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for published peer-reviewed journal articles; and ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization's (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for prospective trials; AIDS Educaton and Global Information System (AEGIS) and National Library of Medicine (NLM) gateway for conference presentations; and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), UNAIDS, the WHO and the National Health Service (NHS) centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) websites from 1990 to 7 April 2016. We handsearched the reference lists of all relevant papers.Selection criteriaWe included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), both individually randomized and cluster-randomized, that evaluated school-based programmes aimed at improving the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents.Data collection and analysisTwo review authors independently assessed trials for inclusion, evaluated risk of bias, and extracted data. When appropriate, we obtained summary measures of treatment effect through a random-effects meta-analysis and we reported them using risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach.Main resultsWe included eight cluster-RCTs that enrolled 55,157 participants. Five trials were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa (Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and Kenya), one in Latin America (Chile), and two in Europe (England and Scotland).Sexual and reproductive health educational programmesSix trials evaluated school-based educational interventions.In these trials, the educational programmes evaluated had no demonstrable effect on the prevalence of HIV (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.80 to 1.32, three trials; 14,163 participants; low certainty evidence), or other STIs (herpes simplex virus prevalence: RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.15; three trials, 17,445 participants; moderate certainty evidence; syphilis prevalence: RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.39; one trial, 6977 participants; low certainty evidence). There was also no apparent effect on the number of young women who were pregnant at the end of the trial (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.16; three trials, 8280 participants; moderate certainty evidence).Material or monetary incentive-based programmes to promote school attendanceTwo trials evaluated incentive-based programmes to promote school attendance.In these two trials, the inc...

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Birth Control Sabotage and Forced Sex: Experiences Reported by Women in Domestic Violence Shelters

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

Reproductive control by others: means, perpetrators and effects

Reproductive control by others: means, perpetrators and effects

Partner Violence and Abortion Characteristics

School-based interventions for preventing HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy in adolescents

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