Bite force and encephalization in the<scp>C</scp>anidae (<scp>M</scp>ammalia:<scp>C</scp>arnivora)

Damasceno, E. M.; Hingst‐Zaher, Erika; Astúa, Diego

doi:10.1111/jzo.12030

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Estimated bite force ( F corr ) for red foxes calculated using a lever model (Damasceno et al ., ). Although log‐transformed values were used for statistical analyses, raw data are shown for clarity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…BCL , basicranial length; BS ‐ BO , basisphenoid‐basioccipital suture; COM 1, jaw condyle to anterior border of first mandibular molar (M 1 ); JH , mandibular (jaw) height; JL , mandibular (jaw) length; MAM , moment arm of the m. masseter; MAT , moment arm of the m. temporalis; MFL , masseteric fossa length; OCH , occipital height; OCW , occipital width; POP , postorbital process width; PS ‐ BS , presphenoid–basisphenoid suture; SL , skull length; TFL , temporal fossa length; ZAW , zygomatic arch width. Measurements used to calculate bite force indicated in pink (after Damasceno et al ., ): c, distance between bite force (canine) and TMJ ; dm , distance between the centroid of m and the TMJ ; dt, vertical distance between the centroid of t and height of the TMJ ; h , cranial height; sl , ventral skull length; m, cross‐sectional area of the m. masseter/m. pterygoideus; t , cross‐sectional area of the m. temporalis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diet and bite force in red foxes: ontogenetic and sex differences in an invasive carnivore

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bite force is often used as a predictive indicator of an animal's feeding ecology, although the premise that there is a direct link between diet and cranial morphology can be difficult to test empirically. Studies that have examined this question tend to rely on generalizations of a species’ diet, and age and sex differences are rarely considered. Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are introduced predators in Australia, allowing large sample size collection through culling for comparison of skull morphology (size, morphometry, weight), demographics (age, sex) and diet (stomach contents). Over half (57%) of the 540 animals we sampled were juveniles (<1 year old; dispersing from their natal sites) and most variation in skull morphometry was driven by age; adults had significantly more robust skulls than juveniles, with greater estimated bite force. Sexual dimorphism (body mass and body length) was reflected in longer, heavier skulls of males. We also recorded significant sex and age differences in diet. Sheep carrion comprised 47–65% of diet volume; however, adult females ate less sheep but had more mice and invertebrates in their diet than males or juveniles of both sexes. This dietary separation for adult females does not appear to be directly due to estimated bite force constraints, but probably rather prey availability, which may reflect feeding behaviour and space use patterns. Juveniles (both sexes) showed as much consumption of sheep carrion as adult males, despite their lower estimated bite force than adults. This is the first study that directly compares ontogenetic and sex differences in the diet of a carnivore together with their cranial morphology and estimated bite force, and highlights limitations of inferring diet partitioning from skull morphology alone.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diet and bite force in red foxes: ontogenetic and sex differences in an invasive carnivore

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our phylomorphospace confirms this: there is close clustering of Lycaon , Cuon and the New World Speothos due to their ability to generate high bite forces relative to their body weight (Damasceno et al. ). We also identified convergence between the maned wolf Chrysocyon brachyurus and two species of foxes ( Vulpes bengalensis and Vulpes pallida ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Evolutionary ecomorphology of the Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evolutionary ecomorphology of the Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australishttp://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/5265/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. Pleistocene until 3000 years ago), which bore a close similarity to the = foxes but possibly had a more carnivorous feeding morphology (Prevosti et al. 2011).Previous morphological comparisons provided a puzzling evolution for the ')A phylomorphospace of skull shape (Fig. 1a) showed the morphology of the bat eared fox @ ! to be substantially divergent from that of other species due to its relatively short rostrum and wide mandibular ramus (positive scores for (Fig. 1b). The cluster had a high cophenetic correlation value (r = 0.887) and the position ofspp. remained relatively unchanged when UPGMA trees were repeated for cranial and mandibular shape datasets (Appendices S6 and S7). Other emerging clusters included the hypercarnivore group , , and and the hypocarnivores + , and + . The distance based metrics supported convergence between -and jackals in all datasets except the cranium, however convergence was low compared to that obtained for hyper and hypocarnivorous (Table 1).Phylogenetic evolutionary rates of skull shape data differed significantly among canid clades (σ ratio=2.421, P=0.025); the group " , , -" showed the fastest rate (σ = 1.52E 05), followed by " , =" (σ = 9.68E 06), then Old World Canini (σ = 9.59E 06) and the Vulpini tribe (σ = 6.26E 06, Appendix S8). This pattern emerged also in the cranial dataset, while for the mandible the sigma ratio was not significantly different from random expectation (Appendices S8 and S9).

show abstract

“…For canids, a decrease in relative snout length is associated with an increase in both bite forces (Damasceno et al. ) and mechanical performance for capturing large prey (Slater et al. ), which might explain why hypercarnivores are usually more brachyrostral than generalist species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of morphological integration in the skull of Carnivora (Mammalia): Changes in Canidae lead to increased evolutionary potential of facial traits

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Morphological integration refers to the fact that different phenotypic traits of organisms are not fully independent from each other, and tend to covary to different degrees. The covariation among traits is thought to reflect properties of the species' genetic architecture and thus can have an impact on evolutionary responses. Furthermore, if morphological integration changes along the history of a group, inferences of past selection regimes might be problematic. Here, we evaluated the stability and evolution of the morphological integration of skull traits in Carnivora by using evolutionary simulations and phylogenetic comparative methods. Our results show that carnivoran species are able to respond to natural selection in a very similar way. Our comparative analyses show that the phylogenetic signal for pattern of integration is lower than that observed for morphology (trait averages), and that integration was stable throughout the evolution of the group. That notwithstanding, Canidae differed from other families by having higher integration, evolvability, flexibility, and allometric coefficients on the facial region. These changes might have allowed canids to rapidly adapt to different food sources, helping to explain not only the phenotypic diversification of the family, but also why humans were able to generate such a great diversity of dog breeds through artificial selection.

show abstract

Bite force and encephalization in theCanidae (Mammalia:Carnivora)

Cited by 45 publications

References 60 publications

Diet and bite force in red foxes: ontogenetic and sex differences in an invasive carnivore

Diet and bite force in red foxes: ontogenetic and sex differences in an invasive carnivore

Evolutionary ecomorphology of the Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis

Evolution of morphological integration in the skull of Carnivora (Mammalia): Changes in Canidae lead to increased evolutionary potential of facial traits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About