Bitter acids from hydroethanolic extracts of Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae, used as anxiolytic

Negri, Giuseppina; Santi, Daniel di; Tabach, Ricardo

doi:10.1590/s0102-695x2010005000051

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Nevertheless, enhanced activity of sugar transporter genes such as sugar transport 13, SWEET family of sugar transporters, ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, plastidic ATP/ADP-transporter underscoring the exogenous supply of sugars and energy to LG tissues, corroborating the previous finding that sucrose serves as an excellent and ideal source for secondary metabolite production in glandular trichomes [44]. The gene family (tropinone reductases) regulating the tropane alkaloid biosynthesis [45] were notably highly expressed in LG compared to BR and LF, which indeed was inconsistent with the previous result which demonstrated the absence of alkaloids in hop extracts [46]. In this context, the candidate substrate or function of tropinone reductases can open novel directions for future investigation in hop.…”

Section: The Differential Expression Patterns Of Unigenes In Differensupporting

confidence: 45%

Dissection of Dynamic Transcriptome Landscape of Leaf, Bract, and Lupulin Gland in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.)

Mishra

Kocábek

Nath

et al. 2019

IJMS

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The hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) produces several valuable secondary metabolites, such as prenylflavonoid, bitter acids, and essential oils. These compounds are biosynthesized in glandular trichomes (lupulin glands) endowed with pharmacological properties and widely implicated in the beer brewing industry. The present study is an attempt to generate exhaustive information of transcriptome dynamics and gene regulatory mechanisms involved in biosynthesis and regulation of these compounds, developmental changes including trichome development at three development stages, namely leaf, bract, and mature lupulin glands. Using high-throughput RNA-Seq technology, a total of 61.13, 50.01, and 20.18 Mb clean reads in the leaf, bract, and lupulin gland libraries, respectively, were obtained and assembled into 43,550 unigenes. The putative functions were assigned to 30,996 transcripts (71.17%) based on basic local alignment search tool similarity searches against public sequence databases, including GO, KEGG, NR, and COG families, which indicated that genes are principally involved in fundamental cellular and molecular functions, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The expression levels of all unigenes were analyzed in leaf, bract, and lupulin glands tissues of hop. The expression profile of transcript encoding enzymes of BCAA metabolism, MEP, and shikimate pathway was most up-regulated in lupulin glands compared with leaves and bracts. Similarly, the expression levels of the transcription factors and structural genes that directly encode enzymes involved in xanthohumol, bitter acids, and terpenoids biosynthesis pathway were found to be significantly enhanced in lupulin glands, suggesting that production of these metabolites increases after the leaf development. In addition, numerous genes involved in primary metabolism, lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, generation of precursor metabolites/energy, protein modification, transporter activity, and cell wall component biogenesis were differentially regulated in three developmental stages, suggesting their involvement in the dynamics of the lupulin gland development. The identification of differentially regulated trichome-related genes provided a new foundation for molecular research on trichome development and differentiation in hop. In conclusion, the reported results provide directions for future functional genomics studies for genetic engineering or molecular breeding for augmentation of secondary metabolite content in hop.

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Section: The Differential Expression Patterns Of Unigenes In Differensupporting

confidence: 45%

Dissection of Dynamic Transcriptome Landscape of Leaf, Bract, and Lupulin Gland in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.)

Mishra

Kocábek

Nath

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…Today, a wide range of the preparations containing hops extracts or hops-derived products are available on the market, in particular for use in the phytotherapy of sleep disorders or pain relief and in postmenopausal therapy. Increasing evidence reveals that the so-called hops bitter acids, which represent up to 30% of the total lupulin content of hops, prenylflavonoids and xanthohumol exhibit interesting effects on human health [1][2][3][4]. Also, it is well-known that hops and the brewing industry are strongly linked.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical carbon dioxide hops extracts with antimicrobial properties

et al. 2015

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Extracts obtained from hops (Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae) by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), SFE followed by isomerization, as well as by conventional technique, were investigated for their chemical composition and antibacterial activity against selected foodborne pathogens and microorganisms capable to cause the food spoilage. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was compared with the antibacterial activity of xanthohumol, compound known for its broad pharmacological properties, isolated from the raw material remained after the SFE. Xanthohumol (XH, 96%) proved to posses the most prominent activity against all the tested strains, with the MIC values ranged between 2.5 and 20 μg mL -1 . Supercritical hops extract and potassium isomerized supercritical hops extract showed strong antibacterial activity against the tested strains as well. Escherichia coli was not affected by the extracts, meaning that their oral admission would not cause the same problem as antibiotic application in intestinal flora. The chemical composition of the investigated hops extracts was analysed by GC-MS. Contents of α-acids, β-acids, iso-α-acids and xanthohumol in the samples were determined by HPLC.

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“…Cultivation of hops is climatically and ecologically appropriate in temperate regions of the world. 1,2 The major prenylated chalcone of hop cones is xanthohumol, which has important pharmacological activities, such as antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, pro-apoptotic, antibacterial, and anti-adhesive effects. 3 Especially, the anticancer properties of this compound were found in recent studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects and Kinetic-Docking Studies of Xanthohumol From Humulus lupulus Cones Against Carbonic Anhydrase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase

Aydin

Şentürk

Kazaz

et al. 2019

Natural Product Communications

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Xanthohumol is an essential prenyl flavonoid of Humulus lupulus L. cones, and the taste of beer is due to this compound. Lately, xanthohumol has earned significant interest due to its potential anticancer, antigenotoxic, and adipogenesis effects. In this paper, the inhibitory effects of xanthohumol on human carbonic anhydrase isozymes (hCAI and hCAII), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were studied. Also, molecular docking studies were used to investigate ligand interaction diagrams of xanthohumol at the binding cavities of hCAI and II. Xanthohumol was isolated from hop cones by silica gel column chromatography. Carbonic anhydrase enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically. In addition, molecular modeling approaches were used for the hCAI and hCAII isoenzymes. Ellman’s method was used for the inhibitor activities of AChE and BChE. The K I values of xanthohumol were detected as 0.085 µM for hCAI, 0.049 µM for hCAII, 95.5 nM for AChE, and 124.9 nM for BChE. In conclusion, xanthohumol can pleiotropically exert health promoting effects. It has antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, antiepileptic, and anticancer activities due to its potent inhibitory effects on hCAI and hCAII. These findings may open new avenues for the design and development of novel hCAI, hCAII, AChE, and BChE inhibitors compared with sulfonamide/sulfamate.

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Bitter acids from hydroethanolic extracts of Humulus lupulus L., Cannabaceae, used as anxiolytic

Cited by 19 publications

References 56 publications

Dissection of Dynamic Transcriptome Landscape of Leaf, Bract, and Lupulin Gland in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.)

Dissection of Dynamic Transcriptome Landscape of Leaf, Bract, and Lupulin Gland in Hop (Humulus lupulus L.)

Supercritical carbon dioxide hops extracts with antimicrobial properties

Inhibitory Effects and Kinetic-Docking Studies of Xanthohumol From Humulus lupulus Cones Against Carbonic Anhydrase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase

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