Bladder cancer incidence among workers exposed to<i>o</i>-toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene at a rubber chemical manufacturing plant

Carreón, Tania; Hein, Misty J.; Hanley, Kevin W.; Viet, Susan Marie; Ruder, Avima M.

doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101873

Cited by 44 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…27 A recent cohort study considered o-toluidine to be responsible for the increased bladder cancer incidence among workers at a chemical manufacturing plant. 28 Hb adducts of toluidines in smokers versus non-smokers have been measured previously. 29 30 The results showed that smokers have significantly higher o- and p-toluidine concentrations than non-smokers, but no significant differences were seen for m-toluidine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of hairdressers to ortho- and meta-toluidine in hair dyes

Johansson

Jönsson

Axmon³

et al. 2014

Occup Environ Med

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BackgroundCarcinogenic aromatic amines derived from hair dyes have recently received new attention. One of these is ortho (o)-toluidine, which is classified as carcinogenic to humans.ObjectivesTo clarify exposure of hairdressers to potentially carcinogenic aromatic amines, including o-toluidine.MethodsWe measured eight potentially carcinogenic aromatic amines in the blood of 295 hairdressers, 32 users of hair dyes and 60 controls. The study was restricted to female non-smokers. Lifestyle data were collected for all participants using self-administered questionnaires. Blood samples were taken for analysis of ortho-, meta (m)- and para (p)-toluidine; 2-, 3- and 4-ethylaniline, 2,3- and 3,4-dimethylaniline as haemoglobin adducts. The samples were analysed with gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsGenerally, adduct concentrations were in the range of 0–200 pg/g haemoglobin. A comparison of the adduct concentrations found in hairdressers, consumers and controls showed no statistically significant differences. However, for hairdressers, o- and m-toluidine concentrations increased significantly with the weekly number of hair waving (p=0.020) and permanent hair dyeing treatments (p=0.026), respectively. o-Toluidine and m-Toluidine concentrations also tended (p=0.076 and 0.080, respectively) to increase with the frequency of light-colour permanent hair dye treatments.ConclusionsHairdressers who use light-colour permanent hair dyes, other permanent hair dyes and hair waving treatments seem to be exposed to o- and m-toluidine as indicated by associations with the number of treatments performed. Analyses of hair waving and hair dye products should be performed to identify the possible sources of exposure to o- and m-toluidine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of hairdressers to ortho- and meta-toluidine in hair dyes

Johansson

Jönsson

Axmon³

et al. 2014

Occup Environ Med

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“… 2 Therefore, our study confirmed the increased risk of urothelial cancer for those working in the rubber manufacturing 2 15 which combines several urinary tract carcinogens such as o -toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene. 8 However, we also demonstrated the highest increased risk for roadwork and building industry which is not recognised by the current recommendations. 2 Thus, we also promote to screen roadwork and building industry workers with urine cytology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Among potential urothelial carcinogens existing, three classes were recognised: aromatic amines 6 (such as benzidine, 7 aniline, o -tolidine, o -toluidine, 8 9 10 beta naphtylamine 7 ), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene, 12 13 38 benz(a)pyrene 11 ) and nitrosamines (such as nitrobenzene 8 ). They were used in various occupational sectors such as rubber manufacturing, 7 10 13–15 chemical and pharmaceutical industry, 7 dye manufacturing, 6 7 15 textile, 15 plastic, leather and tanning industry, roadwork industry, 13 metalworkers, 16 metalworking fluids, 17 18 aluminium, 19 foundries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urine cytology screening of French workers exposed to occupational urinary tract carcinogens: a prospective cohort study over a 20-year period

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesTo demonstrate that urine cytology screening can provide relevant epidemiological data for earlier detection of urothelial cancer caused by occupational exposure.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingIndustries using urothelial carcinogens in France. Urine samples were collected on site, after a work week and were analysed at the University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France.ParticipantsParticipants were workers exposed to urothelial carcinogens. Women and current smokers at time of study recruitment were exclusion criteria.OutcomesUrine cells atypia were ranged into three classes: negative/normal, atypical/suspicious/dysplasia or positive/malignant.ResultsWe included 2020 workers over a period of 20 years from 1993 to 2013: 606 worked in rubber manufacturing, 692 from metal processing, 245 in chemical industry and 477 in roadwork and building industry. Workers had a mean exposure of 15.2±10.4 years before their first urine cytology screening. There was a mean of 3.4±4.3 urine cytology screenings per worker between 1993 and 2013. 6478 cytology were normal, 462 suspicious and 13 malignant. Suspicious and malignant cytology occurred in 4.8% of workers exposed for 1–10 years, 6.2% for 11–20 years of exposure, 7.6% for 21–30 years and 8.6% for >30 years (p<0.001). Using exposure for 1–10 years as reference, the adjusted OR of receiving a suspicious or malignant diagnosis increased with duration of exposure: OR=1.50 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.05, p=0.01) for 21–30 years and OR=1.78 (95% CI 1.23 to 2.56, p=0.002) for >30 years of exposure. Using metal processing as reference, the risk of pathological urine cytology results increased for rubber manufacturing (OR=1.32, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.65, p=0.02), with a trend for roadwork and building industry (OR=1.39, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.97, p=0.07) and for chemical industry (OR=1.34, 95% CI 0.94 to 1.93, p=0.11).ConclusionsUrine cytology is a useful tool in occupational medicine. We promote new guidelines with an early screening of urothelial cancer by cytology, starting with beginning of exposure.

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“…Aniline (CID000006115) consists of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, and it is the precursor of industrial chemicals. It is reported that the incidence of bladder cancer is clearly related to exposure to aniline [ 59 ]. Potential reasons might be due to an increase in iron overload in the spleen and upregulation of TNF- α , IL-1, and IL-6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Novel Thyroid Cancer-Related Genes and Chemicals Using Shortest Path Algorithm

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Thyroid cancer is a typical endocrine malignancy. In the past three decades, the continued growth of its incidence has made it urgent to design effective treatments to treat this disease. To this end, it is necessary to uncover the mechanism underlying this disease. Identification of thyroid cancer-related genes and chemicals is helpful to understand the mechanism of thyroid cancer. In this study, we generalized some previous methods to discover both disease genes and chemicals. The method was based on shortest path algorithm and applied to discover novel thyroid cancer-related genes and chemicals. The analysis of the final obtained genes and chemicals suggests that some of them are crucial to the formation and development of thyroid cancer. It is indicated that the proposed method is effective for the discovery of novel disease genes and chemicals.

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Bladder cancer incidence among workers exposed too-toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene at a rubber chemical manufacturing plant

Cited by 44 publications

References 21 publications

Exposure of hairdressers to ortho- and meta-toluidine in hair dyes

Exposure of hairdressers to ortho- and meta-toluidine in hair dyes

Urine cytology screening of French workers exposed to occupational urinary tract carcinogens: a prospective cohort study over a 20-year period

Identification of Novel Thyroid Cancer-Related Genes and Chemicals Using Shortest Path Algorithm

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