Bladder Outlet Injection for Urinary Incontinence

Abstract

Urinary incontinence in children is multifactorial, and thus numerous medical and surgical modalities exist to treat it. In patients with congenital incompetence of the bladder neck/sphincteric mechanism or leak from a continent catheterizable channel, a viable minimally invasive option is cystoscopic-guided injection of bulking agents. In this chapter, indications, surgical techniques, complications, and outcomes of bulking agent injection therapy for urinary incontinence will be discussed. • What is the total quantity of urine produced daily? Does the quantity exceed the capacity of the urinary system? • Is the bladder capable of storing urine? -What is the bladder capacity and detrusor compliance? Is there increased bladder contractility, such as in neurogenic bladder, infection, or detrusor hypertrophy? Keywords