Blast furnace slag-modified grouts for in situ stabilization of chromium-contaminated soil

Factors affecting hazardous waste solidification/stabilization: A review

“…Generally, a waste/binder ratio of 0.4-0.5 is used with a water/solid ratio of 0.4-0.6. Super plasticizers (20 ml/kg of cementious material) are added to improve fluidity and to reduce water/binder ratio [34].…”

Entrapment of nanoscale zero-valent iron in chitosan beads for hexavalent chromium removal from wastewater

“…Chromium is a potential carcinogen and often causes both short term and long term adverse effects to humans, animals, and plants [1]. Chromium is widely detected in surface water and groundwater, and its levels in some wastewater are higher than the action level of 0.1 mg/L [2].…”

Stabilisation of Cr(VI) in stainless steel plant dust through sintering using silica-rich clay

“…When the sintered product was added to the leachant, it could change the redox potential of the leachate and therefore possibly transform extracted Cr(III) species into Cr(VI) species. On the other hand, the extraction of other species from the samples, such as Fe 2+ and organic components, can potentially reduce Cr(VI) species into Cr(III) species [17][18][19], thereby changing the Cr(VI) concentration in the leachate.…”