BLE-Backscatter: Ultralow-Power IoT Nodes Compatible With Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy (BLE) Smartphones and Tablets

Ensworth, Joshua F.; Reynolds, Matthew S.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2017.2687866

Cited by 131 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Also, without a loss of generality and unless stated otherwise, we assume the following values: The number of observations is 2000, B b = 50 × 10 3 bps, SNR = −10 dB, κ = 1, P s = 1 mW, P c = 0.1 mW, δ = 0.6, d = 2.475 km, G T = G R = 6 dBi in the Friis' equation, such that P R = 0.25 W, and the path loss and other impairments due to primary interference X l = 0.5 × 10 −3 . Figure 2 shows the variation of the energy efficiency with respect to the parameters α and τ , with µ * = 1 and ε * chosen according to (24). The sampling frequency is chosen such that the number of samples is 1000, and the sensing power P s = 0.3 mW.…”

Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ambient backscatter communication (ABC) has recently emerged as a new communication paradigm that is characterized by low power and low cost requirements, which renders it a strong candidate for several IoT based applications [24], [25]. In an ABC system, there are typically two main components, namely, an RF source which acts as a carrier emitter and a backscatter receiver.…”

Section: A Ambient Backscatter Communication (Abc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunistic Ambient Backscatter Communication in RF-Powered Cognitive Radio Networks

Kishore

Gurugopinath

Sofotasios

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

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In the present contribution, we propose a novel opportunistic ambient backscatter communication (ABC) framework for radio frequency (RF)-powered cognitive radio (CR) networks. This framework considers opportunistic spectrum sensing integrated with ABC and harvest-then-transmit (HTT) operation strategies. Novel analytic expressions are derived for the average throughput, the average energy consumption and the energy efficiency in the considered set up. These expressions are represented in closed-form and have a tractable algebraic representation which renders them convenient to handle both analytically and numerically. In addition, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the energy efficiency of the CR system operating in mixed ABC − and HTT − modes, for a given set of constraints including primary interference and imperfect spectrum sensing constraints. Capitalizing on this, we determine the optimal set of parameters which in turn comprise the optimal detection threshold, the optimal degree of trade-off between the CR system operating in the ABC − and HTT − modes and the optimal data transmission time. Extensive results from respective computer simulations are also presented for corroborating the corresponding analytic results and to demonstrate the performance gain of the proposed model in terms of energy efficiency.Index Terms-Ambient backscatter communication, cognitive radio networks, energy detection, energy efficiency, wireless power transfer.

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Section: Numerical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Ambient Backscatter Communication (Abc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic Ambient Backscatter Communication in RF-Powered Cognitive Radio Networks

Kishore

Gurugopinath

Sofotasios

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

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“…• By backscattering SHF signals, backscatter communications systems can be compatible with billions of existing Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices [24]. Hence, it is highly potential to capitalize the ubiquitous characteristics of conventional wireless systems to support low-cost, low-power backscatter communications systems [25], [26], [27]. • As the operating frequency of the backscatter transmitters increases, the half-wave dipole, i.e., a half of wavelength, is reduced, e.g., 16 cm at 915 MHz, 6 cm at 2.45 GHz, and 2.5 cm at 5.79 GHz [6].…”

Section: Antenna Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Backscatter Communications: A Contemporary Survey

Huynh

Hoang

et al. 2018

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

708

382

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Recently, ambient backscatter communications has been introduced as a cutting-edge technology which enables smart devices to communicate by utilizing ambient radio frequency (RF) signals without requiring active RF transmission. This technology is especially effective in addressing communication and energy efficiency problems for low-power communications systems such as sensor networks. It is expected to realize numerous Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a contemporary and comprehensive literature review on fundamentals, applications, challenges, and research efforts/progress of ambient backscatter communications. In particular, we first present fundamentals of backscatter communications and briefly review bistatic backscatter communications systems. Then, the general architecture, advantages, and solutions to address existing issues and limitations of ambient backscatter communications systems are discussed. Additionally, emerging applications of ambient backscatter communications are highlighted. Finally, we outline some open issues and future research directions.Index Terms-Ambient backscatter, wireless networks, bistatic backscatter, RFID, wireless energy harvesting, backscatter communications, and passive communications.

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“…The backscatter transmitter uses the existing RF waves to reflect the message to the receiver. These ambient RF sources can be nearby base stations, TV/ FM towers, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi access points [5].…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Backscatter Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transmission distance can be extended if appropriate backscatter communication techniques are used. Moreover, by efficiently exchanging the data under low power budget, it can completely alter the way healthcare service is provided through embedded and wearable devices [5]. For instance, it can enable a more personalized form of healthcare for self-monitoring and self-managing wireless sensor systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Backscatter Communications for Healthcare Networks

Jameel

Duan

Chang³

et al. 2019

IEEE Network

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Backscatter communication is expected to help in revitalizing the domain of healthcare through its myriad applications. From on-body sensors to in-body implants and miniature embeddable devices, there are many potential use cases that can leverage the miniature and low-powered nature of backscatter devices. However, the existing literature lacks a comprehensive study that provides a distilled review of the latest studies on backscatter communications from the healthcare perspective. Thus, with the objective to promote the utility of backscatter communication in healthcare, this paper aims to identify specific applications of backscatter systems. A detailed taxonomy of recent studies and gap analysis for future research directions are provided in this work. Finally, we conduct measurements at 590 MHz in different propagation environments with the in-house designed backscatter device. The link budget results show the promise of backscatter devices to communicate over large distances for indoor environments which demonstrates its potential in the healthcare system. Index TermsBackscatter communication, Healthcare, In-body implants, Link budget, On-body sensors I. INTRODUCTIONThe medical industry today is seeking new solutions for in-body and on-body devices that transfer the data over a wireless channel [1], [2]. This includes pacemakers for generating electric pulses, micro-scale robots that operate in the bloodstream, and smart pills for identifying abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the modern deep tissue systems consume a significant amount of energy by generating their own radio signals. For instance, wireless capsules for endoscopy consume up to 10 times more power than the sensors [1]. Due to these reasons, the large battery of the capsule consumes 40-50% of the total space of the capsule [2]. Reduction in this form-factor (i.e., the size, shape, and other physical specifications of electronic components) of these capsules can not only improve the likelihood of completion of endoscopy but also make them easy to swallow and excrete. Similar challenges are faced in the case of on-body sensors. The premise of on-body sensor networks is to build a network of devices capable of operating in a battery-free manner by means of smart networking, and power management at the granularity of individual bits and instructions. This is challenging to achieve through conventional networking approaches due to the need for active radio circuits, large form-factors, and their energy constraint nature. Thus, we expect that it is important to divorce the healthcare from conventional wireless solutions and move towards innovative systems for seamlessly connecting the in-body and on-body wireless devices.Backscatter communication is an emerging paradigm and a key enabler for pervasive connectivity of low-powered wireless devices [3]. It is primarily beneficial in situations where computing and connectivity capabilities expand to sensors and miniature devices that exchange data on a low power budget. Due to this in...

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BLE-Backscatter: Ultralow-Power IoT Nodes Compatible With Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy (BLE) Smartphones and Tablets

Cited by 131 publications

References 24 publications

Opportunistic Ambient Backscatter Communication in RF-Powered Cognitive Radio Networks

Opportunistic Ambient Backscatter Communication in RF-Powered Cognitive Radio Networks

Ambient Backscatter Communications: A Contemporary Survey

Applications of Backscatter Communications for Healthcare Networks

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