Bleeding after transrectal ultrasonography‐guided prostate biopsy: a study of 7‐day morbidity after a six‐, eight‐ and 12‐core biopsy protocol

Abstract

contribution of local anaesthetic (LA) injection to bleeding rates was also assessed. RESULTSOf 1384 patients biopsied, 1000 were given questionnaires and 884 (88%) forms were returned. Of these, 760 were suitable for analysis (307 after six-core, 325 eight-core and 128 12-core biopsies); 351 patients were given LA before biopsy. The prevalence of bleeding complications (six-, eight-and 12-core, respectively) was: haematuria 44%, 41% and 39%; haematospermia 13%, 16% and 12%; and rectal bleeding 17%, 26% and 27%. Rectal bleeding was significantly more prevalent in the eight-and 12-core groups ( P = 0.0037 and 0.019). The duration of bleeding was not significantly greater in any biopsy group. Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in the prevalence and duration of rectal bleeding after LA. About 5% of patients in each group consulted their GP because of a complication and 2.4% consulted because of bleeding. Three men with major complications required hospitalization, of which only one was caused by bleeding. CONCLUSIONSOnly rectal bleeding was more prevalent after taking more than six cores, but the duration was no greater. Giving LA did not affect the rectal bleeding rate. With all strategies the major complication and hospitalization rate was very low.

Hemospermia following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: a prospective study

“…In addition, the reported incidence of hemospermia in many of the retrospective studies was low. 9,22,26,27 On the other hand, most prospective studies reported higher incidence of hemospermia when compared to retrospective studies. 6,23,24 This may well be due to recall bias and insufficient data collection in retrospective studies.…”

Complications of transrectal ultrasound-guided 12-core prostate biopsy: a single center experience with 2049 patients

“…[8] Hematuria is the most frequently seen complication following TRUS-guided prostate biopsy.Hematuria with an incidence ranging between 14.4, and 84%, persists for an average of 2.7-5.1 days which can extend up to 20 days. [5,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] As a minor complication, hematuria which is frequently encountered after biopsy, generally lasts briefly without any need for additional treatment However, in 0.25-0.7% of the cases hematuria leading to clot retention and/or requiring transfusion can be seen. [5,13] Hematospermia which is another frequently seen complication has been reported in 5.7, and 89% of the cases.…”

“…[5,13] Hematospermia which is another frequently seen complication has been reported in 5.7, and 89% of the cases. [5,7,9,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]21] Though hematospermia does not generally require additional treatment, it might trigger serious concerns in previously unwarned patients. Hematospermia lasts an average of 10.9 days, however it might occasionally persist up to 10.9 days.…”

The Role of Anticoagulant Therapy During Prostate Biopsy

“…The most common complications are haemorrhagic. Haematuria (12.5 to 80%), haematospermia (5.1 to 89%), and rectal bleeding (1.3 to 58.6%) have been reported to occur [1][2][3]. However, these bleeding symptoms generally resolve without treatment.…”

“…No severe bleeding complications occurred. Some studies showed that an increasing number of cores might increase haemorrhagic events, but it does not affect the duration of bleeding [2,3]. Interestingly, one study showed [9] that aspirin users were significantly older than nonusers and haematuria became less likely with increasing age.…”