Blockchain-Based Authentication in Internet of Vehicles: A Survey

Abbas, Sohail; Talib, Manar Abu; Ahmed, Afaf Yousif; Khan, Faheem; Ahmad, Shabir; Kim, Do‐Hyeun

doi:10.3390/s21237927

Cited by 46 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(164 reference statements)

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“…The two most important metrics for measuring the performance of highly dynamic networks are link reliability [40] and connectivity [38]. The truncated Gaussian probability density function (PDF) of the vehicle's velocity is given by Equation (7).…”

Section: Connectivity Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A VANET is the backbone of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) and it plays a crucial role in supplying real-time and sensitive information to the drivers and traffic authorities [4,5]. Another key component of an ITS is the IoT [6], which transforms conventional VANETs into the Internet of vehicles (IoV), enabling data collection and sharing data about infrastructures, vehicles, humans, and road conditions [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Efficient Dynamic Solution for the Detection and Prevention of Black Hole Attack in VANETs

Malik

Khan

Faisal

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Rapid and tremendous advances in wireless technology, miniaturization, and Internet of things (IoT) technology have brought significant development to vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). VANETs and IoT together play a vital role in the current intelligent transport system (ITS). However, a VANET is highly vulnerable to various security attacks due to its highly dynamic, decentralized, open-access medium, and protocol-design-related concerns. Regarding security concerns, a black hole attack (BHA) is one such threat in which the control or data packets are dropped by the malicious vehicle, converting a safe path/link into a compromised one. Dropping data packets has a severe impact on a VANET’s performance and security and may cause road fatalities, accidents, and traffic jams. In this study, a novel solution called detection and prevention of a BHA (DPBHA) is proposed to secure and improve the overall security and performance of the VANETs by detecting BHA at an early stage of the route discovery process. The proposed solution is based on calculating a dynamic threshold value and generating a forged route request (RREQ) packet. The solution is implemented and evaluated in the NS-2 simulator and its performance and efficacy are compared with the benchmark schemes. The results showed that the proposed DPBHA outperformed the benchmark schemes in terms of increasing the packet delivery ratio (PDR) by 3.0%, increasing throughput by 6.15%, reducing the routing overhead by 3.69%, decreasing the end-to-end delay by 6.13%, and achieving a maximum detection rate of 94.66%.

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Section: Connectivity Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient Dynamic Solution for the Detection and Prevention of Black Hole Attack in VANETs

Malik

Khan

Faisal

et al. 2022

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…They validated their proposal by mathematical analysis. Abbas et al performed an extensive survey of blockchain-based authentication in IoV [ 22 ]. They argue that in IoV, a huge amount of data is exchanged among the different communication entities over highly insecure wireless links which necessitate the use of technologies such as blockchain.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Distributed Framework for Permissioned Blockchain-Based Secure Automotive Supply Chain Management

Zafar

Hassan

Alsharef

et al. 2022

Sensors

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An automotive supply chain includes a range of activities from the concept of the product to its final transfer to a customer and subsequent vehicle maintenance. The three distinct stages of this chain are production, sales, and maintenance. In many countries, automobile records are not available to the public and anyone who has access to the central database or government systems can tamper with these records. In addition, used vehicle maintenance and transfer histories remain unavailable or inaccessible. These issues can be overcome by incorporating state-of-the-art blockchain technology into automotive supply chain management. Blockchain technology uses a chain of blocks for distributed transfer and storage of information, creating a decentralized data register that makes records of any digital asset tamper-proof and transparent. In this paper, we implement a permissioned blockchain-based framework for secure and efficient supply chain management of the automobile industry. We employed Hyperledger Fabric; an enterprise-grade distributed ledger platform for developing solutions. In our solution, the blockchain is customized and private in order to ensure system security. We evaluated our system in terms of memory cost, monetary cost, and speed of execution. Our results demonstrate that only 346 MB of extra memory space is required for storing the automotive data of 1 million users, thus rendering the memory cost negligible. The monetary cost is insignificant as all open source blockchain resources are employed, and the speed of record update is also fast. Our results also show that the decentralization of the automotive supply chain using blockchain can implement system security with minor modifications in the established configuration of the web application database.

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“… Fault tolerance: Replication and redundancy are basic concepts behind fault tolerance which are handled in cloud computing [36].…”

Section: Integrated Cloud and Blockchain-based Internet Of Things (Bcot)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Cloud-Blockchain-based Secure Internet of Things Architecture

Rani¹,

Gill²,

Gulia³

2022

IJACSA

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The growing number of Internet of Things (IoT) objects and the operational and security challenges in IoT systems are encouraging researchers to design suitable IoT architecture. Enormous data generated in the IoT environment face several kinds of security and privacy challenges. IoT system generally suffers from several issues like data storage, safety, privacy, integrity, transparency, trust, and single point of failure. IoT environment is emerging with several solutions to resolve these problems. The main objective of this paper is to design a cloud-blockchain-based secure IoT architecture that provides advanced and efficient storage and security solutions to IoT ecosystem. Blockchain technology appears to be a decent choice to resolve such kinds of problems. Blockchain technology uses a hash-based cryptographic technique for information security and integrity. Cloud computing provides advanced storage solutions with several remote services to store, compute and analyze the data. The proposed IoT architecture is based on the integration of cloud and blockchain services, which aim to provide transparent, decentralized, and trustworthy and secure storage solutions. In addition to the standard layers (perception layer, network layer, processing layer, and application layer) the proposed IoT architecture in the present paper includes a service layer, a security layer, and a parallel management and control layer, which focus on the security and management of the entire IoT infrastructure.

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Blockchain-Based Authentication in Internet of Vehicles: A Survey

Cited by 46 publications

References 127 publications

An Efficient Dynamic Solution for the Detection and Prevention of Black Hole Attack in VANETs

An Efficient Dynamic Solution for the Detection and Prevention of Black Hole Attack in VANETs

Implementation of a Distributed Framework for Permissioned Blockchain-Based Secure Automotive Supply Chain Management

Design of a Cloud-Blockchain-based Secure Internet of Things Architecture

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