Blockchain based choreographies: The construction industry case study

Abstract

BPMN choreography is a modeling language capable to describe scenarios where several independent participants have to collaborate in a climate of opposing interests and therefore are forced to trust each other. For this reason, in many contexts, a strong need for transparency, responsibility, and choreography compliance arise by the various participants. Blockchains and smart contracts, thanks to their characteristic of providing a decentralized and consensus-based validation mechanism, seem to be able to meet these needs in an untrusted scenario. Nevertheless, most of the related work focused either on transparency, accountability, or compliance, but none on all three of them. Furthermore, such works do not take into account the nondeterministc nature of choreographies. This work aims at using blockchains and smart contracts in this scenario providing a formally well-defined set of tools to match all three the aforementioned requirements. This work applies the proposed techniques to a case study from the construction industry, an economical relevant application domain where the demand for transparency, accountability, and compliance with procurement contracts (that can be modeled as choreographies) is very strong.

Distributed Service Choreography Framework for Interoperability Among Prosumers and Electric Power System

“…On the other hand, distributed-ledger-based systems have been proposed for distributed service choreographies [38]- [40], [42], [43]. In Discografia, the network builds the trust upon key-and token-based authorization.…”

“…Arrowhead is a generic service-oriented framework that has an extension for choreographing [37]. Arrowhead assumes a centralized management scheme for choreography Arrowhead [37] ----✓ -Blockchain extension for Camunda [38]…”

“…A blockchain extension to Camunda brings the support for distributed ledgers to a widely used workflow management system [38]. The system assumes that each participant can execute their own choreography specification, relying on smart contacts.…”

An Investigation into the Causes of Payment Delays and Deliberate Delay Tactics in Public Construction Projects in Saudi Arabia

“…These processes involve multiple levels of review and excessive paperwork, leading to administrative inefficiencies and delays in payment disbursement. The construction industry is severely affected by inefficiency, corruption, and mismanagement, which contributes to the problem of late or non-payment [49]. Accrediting incorrect planning, administration problems, difficulties in financing, lack of experienced staff, and poor communication are common causes of payment delays, which have been highlighted as causes of payment delays [1].…”

Integration of Blockchain-Enabled Smart Contracts in Construction: SWOT Framework and Social Network Analysis

“…Additionally, the thematic focus of existing studies tends to be narrow, often confined to specific contexts or areas within the BSC domain. Many studies have solely concentrated on the technological and functional analysis of SCs [41,42], while others have delved into legal and regulatory considerations [23,29], economic and financial impacts [43,44], administrative and organizational performance [36,45], or case studies and practical implementations [46,47]. The scope limitations of these studies often restrict their findings to specific geographical regions, such as Sweden [48], Nigeria [49], the UK [50], and Malaysia [31,51].…”